科学规划黑龙江省鲜食玉米产业布局及加快玉米须产业链发展的思考  

Strategic Thinking on Scientifically Planning the Layout of Fresh Maize Industry and Accelerating the Development of Maize Silk Industry Chain in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：钱春荣[1] 顾万荣[2] 徐洪岩[3] 吕国依[1] 赵健宇[4] 沈铁恒 石铁[6] 来永才[7] QIAN Chun-rong;GU Wan-rong;XU Hong-yan;LYU Guo-yi;ZHAO Jian-yu;SHEN Tie-heng;SHI Tie;LAI Yong-cai(Institute of Crop Tillage and Cultivation,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in Northeast China,Ministry of Agriculture,Harbin 150023,China;College of Agronomy,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Keshan Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161005,China;School of Economics and Management,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150006,China;Heilongjiang Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Harbin 150036,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Harbin 150081,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所/农业农村部东北地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,黑龙江哈尔滨150023 [2]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005 [4]哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [5]黑龙江省农业技术推广站,黑龙江哈尔滨150036 [6]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [7]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第7期90-96,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省绿色有机农业协同创新推广体系;黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX12);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系。

摘　　要：伴随着消费升级,鲜食玉米产业已成为我国种植业中具有相当竞争力和发展潜力的新兴产业。黑龙江省鲜食玉米发展迅速,在全国市场占有率不断提高。本文概述了黑龙江省玉米的产量贡献和区域分布,并从市场需求、种植优势和市场营销角度分析了黑龙江省发展鲜食玉米的优势。总结了当前制约黑龙江省鲜食玉米发展的四大因素,即种植分散,未形成集群优势;种植技术不规范,产品质量不稳定;普通产品多,绿色、有机、知名品牌少;深加工高端产品少,精加工能力不足。研究得出,需要从四个方面来科学规划黑龙江省鲜食玉米产业布局、加快玉米须产业链发展,一是科学布局,扬长避短,做大做强“龙江鲜食玉米”品牌;二是加快推广鲜食玉米全程机械化技术,提高生产效率与品质;三是构建药食同源产业链,将玉米须变废为宝;四是加强鲜食玉米“种管收、产加销”联合攻关与技术储备。With the upgrading of consumption,fresh maize production has become an emerging industry with considerable competitiveness and development potential in China′s agricultural planting.Heilongjiang fresh maize had developed rapidly and its market share in the country has been increasing.This paper summarized the yield contribution and regional distribution of maize in Heilongjiang,and analyzed the advantages of developing fresh maize in Heilongjiang Province from the perspective of market demand,planting advantages and marketing.The four major factors restricting the development of fresh maize in Heilongjiang Province were summarized.First,the planting was scattered and did not form a cluster advantage;Secondly,the planting technology was not standardized and the product quality was unstable;Thirdly,there were many ordinary products and few green,organic and well-known fresh maize brands;Finally,there were few high-end products for deep processing of maize,and the fine processing capacity was obviously insufficient.The strategic thinking of scientifically planning the layout of fresh maize industry in Heilongjiang Province and accelerating the development of maize silk industry chain were pointed as follows:First,we need to make a scientific layout and develop our strengths and avoid weaknesses in order to expand and strengthen the brand of"Longjiang fresh maize";Second,we should accelerate the promotion of the whole process mechanization technology of fresh maize in order to improve production efficiency and quality;Third,we need to build a homologous industrial chain of medicine and food in order to turn waste into treasure;Fourth,we strengthen the joint research and technical reserve of"planting,management,harvesting,production,processing and sales"of fresh maize.

关 键 词：黑龙江省 鲜食玉米生产 玉米须产业链 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]