植物和食物源基因组DNA提取及应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Extraction and Application of Genomic DNA from Plants and Food Sources

作　　者：胡琼[1] 茹巧美[1] HU Qiong;RU Qiao-mei(Department of Health and Tourism,Hangzhou Wanxiang Polytechnic,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州万向职业技术学院康养旅游系,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第7期110-116,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202147604);2022年浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划项目(2022R459A002)。

摘　　要：近年来,分子生物学研究发展迅速。基因组脱氧核糖核酸(Deoxyribonucleic Acid,DNA)的提取是最基本的技术,以其为基础的基因分析法广泛应用于基因组测序、分析突变体、转基因株系、质量鉴定和指纹图谱等研究。本文综述了近20年各种植物或食物中基因组DNA的抽提方法,对各种方法如十二烷基磺酸钠法等的改进或差异、两种或两种以上方法的混合试验等进展进行了简析,并描述了改进的内容和取得的效果;对主要的抽提组织部位如叶片、茎段、种子、根部等研究现状进行了阐述;对农作物(经济作物)、药用植物、濒危植物及食源材料等基因组DNA的抽提种类及应用现状进行了分析。最后对基因组DNA抽提方法及应用前景进行了预期和展望。In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular genetic technology,the extraction of genomic DNA is one of the most basic techniques,and DNA-based gene analysis is widely used in genome sequencing,mutant analysis,transgenic lines,quality identification,fingerprinting and other studies.This paper reviewed the methods of genomic DNA extraction from plants and foods in the past 20 years,and analyzed the improvement or difference of various methods such as CTAB method,and the mixed test of two or more methods,and described the content of improvement and the results obtained.The main tissue parts such as leaf,stem segment,seed and root were described.The species and application of genomic DNA of agricultural crops(cash crops),medicinal plants,endangered plants and food source materials were analyzed.Finally,we prospected the further research and application of genomic DNA extraction methods.

关 键 词：植物 食物源 基因组DNA 抽提 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]