基于海绵城市理念的上海长兴岛封闭人工湖生态设计研究  

Ecological Design of Closed Artificial Lake Based on Sponge City in Changxing Island,Shanghai

作　　者：边翡斐 BIAN Feifei(Shanghai Garden(Group)Co.,Ltd,Shanghai,China,200335)

机构地区：[1]上海园林(集团)有限公司,上海200335

出　　处：《园林》2022年第7期108-114,共7页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

摘　　要：为维持封闭人工湖的景观水体水量平衡和水质稳定,采用海绵城市建设的技术手段,探讨封闭人工湖的生态设计思路,以指导城市封闭水体的生态修复。以上海长兴岛工业园区封闭人工湖为对象,根据崇明当地气象资料和项目设计现状,分析项目区域的水量平衡、水动力模拟和水生态构建。结果表明,人工湖汇流区域内全年有8个月需要外界补水,最大补充水量为80.6 m^(3)/d,可由667 m^(2)潜流人工湿地处理外源补充水。受进水流量大小的影响,水流速度为0〜0.02 m/s,岸线曲折凹陷处有多处缓流区;挺水植物以鸢尾、梭鱼草、灯心草等低矮型挺水植物为主,点缀千屈菜、水烛、水生美人蕉等株高1 m以上的种类;浮叶和沉水植物以睡莲、苦草、金鱼藻、黑藻等为主,形成层次丰富、错落有致的水生植被带。通过水动力优化、人工湿地处理和水生植被构建的方案设计,维护封闭人工湖的水资源稳定,净化水体水质。In order to maintain the water balance and water quality stability of the landscape water body in the closed artificial lake,the technical means of sponge city construction is adopted to explore the ecological design so that it could guide the ecological restoration of the urban closed water body.The water balance,hydrodynamic simulation,and ecological water construction of a closed artificial lake on Changxing Island according to the local meteorological data of Chongming and the current situation of the project design were analyzed in this study.The results showed that the artificial lake catchment area was supplemented by external water for eight months of the year.The maximum water demand was 80.6 m^(3) per day.There were 667 m^(2) subsurface flow constructed wetlands designed to treat external supplement water.The flow velocity was 0~0.02 m/s,and the overall flow velocity was very slow.Emergent plants such as Iris wilsonii,Pontederia cordata,and Juncus effuses could be mainly planted in the slow flow area to create an ecological revetment and dotted planted with a plant height of more than 1 m,such as Lythrum salicaria,Typha angustifolia,and Canna glauca.Floating leaves and submerged plants were mainly Nymphaea tetragona,Val-lisneria spiralis,Ceratophyllum demersum,and Hydrilla verticillata.Therefore,the water resources stability and water quality health of the closed artificial lake can be maintained through the scheme design of hydrodynamic optimization,artificial wetland treatment,and aquatic vegetation construction.

关 键 词：景观水体 补充水 水生植被带 人工湿地 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]