新冠肺炎疫情中的专家信任及其启示  

Public Trust in Experts During the COVID-19 Epidemic

作　　者：张学义[1,2] 郭喨 ZHANG Xueyi;GUO Liang(Department of Philosophy and Science,Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,214135;The Think Tank for Moral Development of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing,Jiangsu,211189;Center for Science,Technology and Law,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310008)

机构地区：[1]东南大学哲学与科学系,江苏南京214135 [2]江苏省道德发展智库,江苏南京211189 [3]浙江大学科技与法律研究中心,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2022年第7期94-103,共10页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目“科学理解的实验哲学研究”(项目编号:2242021S20007);浙江大学医学院卫生政策与医院管理研究专项课题(项目编号:2019WSZC023);江苏省道德发展智库阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自2019年岁末新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情发生以来,全国上下共战疫情、共克时艰。为深入了解疫情期间公众的专家信任和社会道德态度的变化,在疫情最为胶着的2020年2月中旬,课题组进行了为期5天、样本总量为10896的在线调查。调查分析表明:(1)公众对医药卫生方面的专家信任显著提升,引发了专家“人格信任”复兴,“系统信任”增强;(2)对一般意义上的专家群体的信任度无明显变化,专家信任的“豪猪困境”依然存在并持续有效,公众继续陷在虽不信任专家、但又不得不信任的“专家塔西佗陷阱”中;(3)科学事实“政治化”与新媒体的“特殊催化”,使得专家信任复杂化;(4)锤炼专业技能,强化职业伦理教育依然是专家群体走出信任危机的首要途径。Since the outbreak of COVID-19 Epidemic,the whole country has worked together to overcome the challenge.In order to understand the changes in public trust in experts and social moral attitudes during the epidemic,a 5-day large-scale online survey with a total sample size of 10,896 was conducted.The survey shows that:(1)the public’s trust in medical and health experts has been significantly improved,which has led to the revival of expert“personality trust”and the enhancement of“system trust”;(2)there is no obvious change in the trust of other experts;the“porcupine dilemma”of experts’trust still exists:the public has fallen into the“Expert Tacitus Trap”;(3)“politicization”of scientific facts and the“special catalysis”of new media complicate the trust;(4)develop professional skills and strengthen professional ethics education is the primary way for experts to win the trust of the public.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 专家信任 “豪猪困境” “专家塔西佗陷阱” 科学事实政治化 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]