不同施肥组合对木里矿区人工植被和土壤微生物特征的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Artificial Vegetation and Soil Microbial Characteristics in Muli Mining Area of Qinghai Province

作　　者：张玉芳 李希来[1,2] 高志香 张静 周伟[3] 张英 ZHANG Yufang;LI Xilai;GAO Zhixiang;ZHANG Jing;ZHOU Wei;ZHANG Ying(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2022年第6期741-754,共14页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41867073,41977415);青海省科学技术基础研究计划(2019-ZJ-7008);高等学校学科创新引智计划(D18013);青海省科技创新团队项目“三江源生态演变与管理创新团队”。

摘　　要：针对高寒矿区渣山植被恢复困难问题,在青海木里矿区设置有机肥、硫酸亚铁双因素随机区组试验,对比不同施肥处理下人工植被生长状况、土壤微生物的Alpha、Beta多样性及主要门和属水平优势种。结果表明有机肥M3(3kg/m^(2))处理下植被高度、盖度及地上生物量分别是M0(对照)处理的2.1倍、6.2倍和3.7倍;有机肥处理显著提高细菌Chao1指数和Shannon指数,真菌Chao1指数在M1F2(1kg/m^(2)有机肥+100 g/m^(2)硫酸亚铁)、M2F0(2kg/m^(2)有机肥+0g/m^(2)硫酸亚铁)、M3F0(3kg/m^(2)有机肥+0g/m^(2)硫酸亚铁)处理下显著提高。与自然山体相比,细菌Chao1指数和Shannon指数在不同处理下均得到较好恢复,真菌Chao1指数和Shannon指数差异显著。有机肥处理显著提高拟杆菌门、假节杆菌属、农杆菌属、子囊菌门及微囊菌属等微生物相对丰度;硫酸亚铁处理显著提高放线菌门、假节杆菌属、青霉属及附球霉属相对丰度;有机肥和硫酸亚铁交互处理显著提高拟杆菌门、农杆菌属及微囊菌属相对丰度。细菌Shannon指数与植被高度、盖度及地上生物量之间存在极显著正相关关系。Aiming at problems of vegetation restoration in alpine mining area,a two-factor random block experiment of organie fertilizer and ferrous sulfate was set up in mining area of Muli Coalfield in Qinghai province.the artifical vegetation growth status.Alpha and Bera diversities of soil microorgan-isms and the dominant species of main phyla and genus levels were compared under different fertiliza-tion treatments.The results showed the vegetation height,coverage and aboveground biomass under M3 treatment(3 kg/m^(2))were 2.1 times.6.2 times:and 3.7 times higher than those under M0 treat-ment-respectively.Bacterial Chaol index and Shannon index significantly increased under organic fer-tilizer treatment and fungal Chaol index significantly increased under M1F2(1 kg/m^(2)organie fertilizer+r 100 g/m^(2)ferrous sulfate),M2F0(2 kg/m^(2)organic fertilizer+0 g/m^(2)ferrous sulfate)and M3F0(3 kg/m^(2)organic fertilizer+0 g/m^(2)ferrous sulfate).Compared with natural mountains,the bae terial Chaol index and Shannon index were recovered obviously under different treatments,and fungal Chaol index and Shannon index were significantly different.The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes.Pseudoarthrobacter,Pedobacter.Ascomycota and Microascus significantly increased under organie fer-tilizer treatments.The relative abundances of Actinobacteria-Pseudoarthrobacter,Penicillium and Epicoccum significantly increased under ferrous sulfate treatments,The relative abundances of Bacte roidetes.Pedobacter and Microascus significantly increased under the interaction treatments of organic ferilizer and ferrous sulfate.Bacterial Shannon index had significant positive correlation with vegeta-tion height,coverage and aboveground biomass,respeetively.

关 键 词：木里矿区 有机肥 硫酸亚铁 微生物特征 植被生长特征 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S154.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]