氮、钾用量对机采加工番茄果实成熟、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen and Potassium on Fruit Ripening,Yield and Quality of Processed Tomato Harvested by Machine

作　　者：张占琴[1,2] 颉建辉 李艳 王建江[1] 杨相昆 ZHANG Zhanqin;XIE Jianhui;LI Yan;WANG Jianjiang;YANG Xiangkun(Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi Xinjiang832000,China;Key Lab for Cereal QualityResearch and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi Xinjiang832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2022年第6期766-776,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：兵团现代农业科技攻关项目(2016AC027);“兵团英才”第二周期第二层次培养人选项目;谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室基金(CQG2014-XJ04)。

摘　　要：为探索适合新疆地区膜下滴灌机械采收加工番茄的施肥规律,研究不同氮肥(N)、钾肥(K)及交互作用(N×K)对机械采收加工番茄果实成熟、产量及品质的影响,设置氮肥和钾肥二因素随机区组试验,设计9个处理,3次重复。结果表明不同N、K用量及其互作对加工番茄果实物质积累量、单果质量、果实红熟率、产量、可溶性固形物含量、番茄红素含量影响显著,对果实叶绿素含量、β-胡萝卜素含量、L值影响不显著。N_(2)K_(2)、N_(2)K_(3)、N_(3)K_(2)条件下加工番茄产量≥16.12×10^(4) kg·hm^(-2)、成熟度≥93.29%、果实固形物含量≥5.22%、番茄红素含量≥21.38mg·hg^(-1),可满足机械采收对加工番茄的要求。通过经济效益分析推荐施肥量为N152.1kg·hm^(-2),K2O118.2kg·hm^(-2)。In order to explore the fertilization law of processed tomato harvested by machine under mulch drip irrigation in Xinjiang,a field experiment with two-factor randomized block was designed to study the effect of nitrogen(N),potassium(K) and their interactions(N×K) on fruit ripening,yield and quality of processed tomato,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for high yield cultivation of processed tomato harvested by machine in Xinjiang.Self-bred variety‘Kenfan1503’was taken as the experimental material,an experiment with two-factor randomized block of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was set up,and nine treatments were designed and repeated three times,two rounds of experiment in site of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science were conducted in 2019. The results showed that different amounts of N and K and their in teractions had sig-nificant effects on fruit material accumulation, single fruit mass,red ripe rate,yield,solid content,and lycopene of processed tomato,but had no significant effects on chlorophyll content,β-carotene and L value.Under N_(2)K_(2),N_(2)K_(3),N_(3)K_(2) conditions,the yield≥16.12×10^(4) kg·hm^(-2),fruit maturation ≥93.29%, fruit solids content≥5.22%,lycopene content≥21.38mg·hg^(-1).All above conditions could meet the requirements of processed tomato harvested by machine.From an economic point of view,theme-dium N and K ratio of N 152.1kg·hm^(-2),K2O118.2 kg·hm^(-2) was recommended.

关 键 词：N、K配比 机械采收 加工番茄 成熟度 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]