多民族发展中国家的族际政治整合困境与路径选择  

Inter-ethnic Political Integration in Multi-ethnic Developing Countries:Dilemma and Path Choice

作　　者：钟贵峰[1,2] Guifeng Zhong

机构地区：[1]云南大学民族政治研究院 [2]云南大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地,昆明650091

出　　处：《世界民族》2022年第3期16-29,共14页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：2016年国家社科基金青年项目“政治转型中的缅甸民族和解问题研究”(16CGJ018)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：近代以来,随着欧洲民族国家范式的扩张,全球化推动了世界民族国家时代的到来。在现代民族国家建构中,多民族发展中国家普遍出现了民族主义与民主主义既相互支撑、又彼此掣肘的双重变奏,进而成为多民族发展中国家进行族际政治整合时面临的复杂而棘手的国家治理问题。民族与民主的二元视角与二维治理逻辑,也系统体现为现代民族国家建构中族际政治整合的实践困境,如不断增强的各类族属认同对国家认同的弱化、日趋紧张的族际关系使国族虚化或涣散、集体的族属权对于个人公民权利的挤压、诸种理论思潮对族际政治整合的价值取向的侵蚀等。多民族发展中国家要突破族际政治整合的实践困境,需要选择符合国情的民主化道路,增强国族机制的系统持续构建,推动良性族际互动机制的建设,确立正确的族际政治整合价值取向,以寻求合适的族际政治整合道路,如此或能逐步化解国家治理的困境。Since modern times,with the expansion of the European nation-state paradigm,globalization has ushered in the era of nation-state in the world.In the construction of modern nation-states,multi-ethnic developing countries have generally witnessed a dual variation of nationalism and democratism that both support and constrain each other.This has become the most complicated and the thorniest national governance issue in inter-ethnic political integration faced by multi-ethnic developing countries.The dual perspective of nation and democracy and the logic of two-dimensional governance are also systematically reflected in the practical dilemma of inter-ethnic political integration in the construction of modern nation-states,such as various ever growing ethnic identities weakening national identity,the increasingly tense inter-ethnic relations making the nation imaginary and lax,collective ethnic rights marginalizing individuals’civic rights,and various theoretical thoughts eroding the value orientation of inter-ethnic political integration.To break the practical dilemma of inter-ethnic political integration,multi-ethnic developing countries need to choose a path of democratization that suits their national conditions,enhance the continuous and systematic construction of national mechanisms,promote the construction of a benign ethnic interaction mechanism,and establish the correct value orientation of inter-ethnic political integration,in order to find a suitable way for inter-ethnic political integration.Only in such a way can the dilemma of national governance be resolved gradually.

关 键 词：多民族发展中国家 现代民族国家建构 族际政治整合 民族主义 民主主义 

分 类 号：D562[政治法律—政治学] D032[政治法律—国际政治]