板栗总苞和坚果主要性状与SSR标记的关联分析  

Association Analysis of Main Characteristics of Bur and Nut with SSR Markers in Chinese Chestnut

作　　者：陈旭 郝雅琼 聂兴华 杨海莹 刘松 王雪峰 曹庆芹[1] 秦岭[1] 邢宇[1] CHEN Xu;HAO YaQiong;NIE XingHua;YANG HaiYing;LIU Song;WANG XueFeng;CAO QingQin;QIN Ling;XING Yu(College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206;Long Tan Forestry Station,Liyang 213300,Jiangsu)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]龙潭林场,江苏溧阳213300

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第13期2613-2628,I0004-I0008,共21页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000605)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过测定113份板栗品种(系)的数量、质量和假质量性状,分析其遗传变异,比较不同组群之间的性状差异,将SSR标记与性状进行关联,获得更多与SSR标记显著关联的性状,挖掘优异的等位变异位点,为开展板栗分子辅助育种的研究提供参考。【方法】测定并分析板栗总苞和坚果的38个数量、质量和假质量性状,利用SPSS和Graphpad软件对数量性状进行差异显著性和相关性分析,基于SSR标记进行遗传多样性分析,最后用TASSEL 2.1软件通过一般线性模型(general linear model,GLM)和混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)分别对性状和标记进行关联分析。【结果】在遗传多样性分析中,21对SSR引物的有效等位基因数(N;)、Shannon指数(I)、多态性信息含量(PIC>0.5)、观察杂合度(H;)和期望杂合度(H;)的平均值分别为3.164、1.269、0.589、0.593和0.635。根据群体结构分析分为2个主要组群,为了更好地比较性状差异,在聚类分析时将中间类型的品种单独划分为一组。在质量和假质量性状分析中,多样性指数变化范围为0.139—1.567,遗传多样性最高的性状是坚果光泽,最低的是底座接线;坚果形状、光泽、颜色等性状组群间频率分布差异明显。在数量性状分析中,变异系数的范围在3.96%—36.31%,苞重、总苞重和单粒重的变异系数均在30%以上,遗传变异程度高;果形指数和含水量变异系数均在10%以下,具有稳定的遗传特性;总苞和坚果的外观性状之间有强相关性,相关系数均在0.6以上;组1-组2和组2-组3在果实形状和重量中存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在关联分析中,GLM模型中有13个标记位点与18个表型性状极显著关联,表型变异解释率范围为15.12%—54.99%;MLM模型中有6个标记位点与7个表型性状极显著关联,表型变异解释率范围在8.66%—26.93%。【结论】本研究将SSR标记与表型性状进行关联分析,共发现13个标记位点与坚果单粒【Objective】In the experiment,the quantitative,qualitative and pseudo-qualitative characteristics of 113 chestnut varieties(lines)were measured,their genetic variation were analyzed,characteristics differences among different groups were compared,SSR markers were associated with characteristics,more characteristics significantly associated with SSR markers were obtained,and the excellent allelic variation sites were excavated,so as to provide the references for the research on molecular assisted breeding of Chinese chestnut.【Method】Firstly,38 quantitative,qualitative and pseudo-qualitative characteristics of bur and nut were determined and analyzed.Secondly,the significance and correlation analysis of quantitative characteristics were performed by SPSS and Graphpad software,and the genetic diversity of SSR markers was analyzed.Finally,the association analysis of characteristics and markers was carried out by general linear model(GLM)and mixed linear model(MLM)of TASSEL 2.1.【Result】In genetic diversity analysis,the average number of effective number of alleles(N;),Shannon index(I),polymorphism information content(PIC>0.5),observed heterozygosity(H;),and expected heterozygosity(H;)of 21 pairs of SSR markers were 3.164,1.269,0.589,0.593,and0.635,respectively.They were divided into two main groups according to the analysis of population structure.On the other hand,the intermediate type of varieties was defined as one group in the cluster analysis,so that the characteristics differences could be compared precisely.In the analysis of qualitative and pseudo-qualitative characteristics,the diversity index varied from 0.139 to1.567,and the characteristic with the highest genetic diversity was nut glossiness,while the lowest was the hilum margin.There were obvious differences in the frequency distribution of nut shape,glossiness,color and other characteristics in different groups.In the analysis of quantitative characteristics,the range of coefficient of variation was between 3.96%and 36.31%,the coefficient of v

关 键 词：板栗 性状 SSR 遗传多样性 关联分析 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]