清初黄河治理理念、技术与方略  

Technology and Strategy:An Analysis of the Principle of River Regulation in the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴漫[1] 王博[2] Wu Man;Wang Bo(Research Center of the Yellow River Literature and Culture,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Institute of the Yellow River Water Conservancy History,School of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学黄河文献与文化研究中心,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学水利科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第2期103-109,128,共8页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“明代治黄国家工程的运作与效益研究”(项目编号:18AZS001);国家社科基金重大招标项目“明清时期黄河治理工程文献的整理研究与数据库建设”(项目编号:19ZDA204)。

摘　　要：清初黄河治理充分借鉴古人经验,发展丰富了潘季驯“筑堤束水”“蓄清刷黄”的思想,酌今而措置,因地而制宜,创革治河技术,统行规划治河方略,其治河之理念影响沿黄流域以及清代社会经济的发展至深至远。考察《清经世文编》、靳辅《治河奏绩书》、陈潢《河防述言》等文献,“河防”“全河”“审势”“统行规画”“审全局”等概念在清初治河文献中非常凸显,其治河过程中产生的“以水治水”“束水归槽”“统行规画”等理念具有整体、辩证的色彩,这些较前代更为鲜明的概念对于推进清初治河技术的创革、方略的实施产生了重要作用,其所具有的指导意义也折射出清初社会经济发展的迫切需求。The river regulation under the auspices of Jin Fu in the early Qing dynasty fully drew on the experience of the ancients,developed and enriched Pan Jixun’s ideas of " building embankments to restrain water" and " storing clean water to counter the Yellow River( so that the Yellow River can not flow back) ",which was carried out according to the current situation and adapted to local conditions. Jin Fu innovated the river regulation technology,unified and planed river control strategy. His principle of river regulation influenced the social and economic development along the Yellow River Basin and in the Qing dynasty. Reviewing the documents such as ing Jing Shi Wen Bian,Jin Fu’s Performance Book on River Control,and Chen Huang’s Description of River Defense,the concepts of "river defense", " the whole river", " considering the river`s development potential", " unifying and planning" and " reviewing the overall situation" were very prominent in the documents on river control in the early Qing dynasty. The ideas of " taming water with water", "converge flow into main channel" and " unifying and planning" produced in the process of controlling river were attached with dialectical ideas,which are particularly distinctive compared with previous generations. They played an important role in promoting the innovation of river regulation technology and the implementation effect of the strategy in the early Qing dynasty. Its guiding significance also reflects the urgent needs of social and economic development in the early Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：清初 靳辅 黄河治理 以水治水 束水归槽 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]