黑龙江省李、杏抗寒育种研究进展  

Research Progress on Cold Resistance Breeding of Plum and Apricot in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：牟蕴慧[1] 王禹[1] 侯睿宁 甄灿福[1] MU Yun-hui;WANG Yu;HOU Rui-ning;ZHEN Can-fu(Horticultural Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《北方果树》2022年第3期1-6,11,共7页Northern Fruits

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程(HNK2019CX11)。

摘　　要：李、杏是北方寒地乔木类果树中适应性较强的树种,自上世纪80年代,李、杏新品种在生产中应用最多,推广范围最大,在北方寒冷地区果树生产中占有重要地位。该文从李、杏抗寒种质资源的收集保存、创制及新品种的培育方面,阐述了黑龙江省李、杏抗寒育种研究的3个历史阶段,现阶段李、杏育种目标、育种方法和生物辅助育种技术,重点介绍了李、杏远缘杂交育种研究进展和抗寒育种研究成果。但砧木育种进展缓慢,仁用杏育种和抗病育种鲜有研究等问题……建议开展组织培养、分子标记等生物技术,提高寒地育种效率。Plum and apricot are the tree species with strong adaptability in the northern cold region.Since the1980 s,new plum and apricot varieties have been most widely used and spread in production.And now play an important role in the fruit production in the northern cold region.From the aspects of collection,preservation,creation and breeding of cold-resistant germplasm resources of plums and apricots,this paper expounds three historical stages for cold-resistant breeding of plums and apricots in Heilongjiang Province,including breeding objectives,breeding methods and biological breeding techniques.In this paper,the research progress of distant hybridization breeding of plum and apricot and the research achievements of cold resistance breeding were introduced emphatically.However,the progress of rootstock breeding is slow,and there is little research on Kernel Apricot breeding and disease resistance breeding……It is suggested to carry out biotechnology such as tissue culture and molecular markers to improve the efficiency of breeding in cold areas.

关 键 词：抗寒 李 杏 远缘杂交 育种 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学] S662.3[农业科学—园艺学]