中医四诊智能化现状及关键技术探讨  

The Current Status and Key Techniques of Intelligentization of the Four Examinations in Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：李红岩[1] 李灿 郎许锋 杨涛[1] 周作建 战丽彬[2] LI Hongyan;LI Can;LANG Xufeng;YANGTao;ZHOU Zuojian;ZHAN Libin(School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,210023;Chinese Medicine Innovation Engineering Technology Center,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学人工智能与信息技术学院,江苏省南京市210023 [2]辽宁中医药大学中医药创新工程技术中心

出　　处：《中医杂志》2022年第12期1101-1108,共8页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化研究”专项(2018YFC1704400);国家自然科学基金(82174276);中国博士后科学基金(2021M701674);江苏省博士后科研资助计划(2021K457C);江苏高校哲学社会科学项目(2021SJA0319);江苏高校“青蓝工程”。

摘　　要：中医四诊是传统中医对疾病进行辨证施治的主要手段。近年来,伴随着人工智能技术的快速发展,中医四诊智能化也取得了丰硕的成果。通过对“望、闻、问、切”四诊的科研进展和应用实践的智能化现状的分析,探讨实现四诊智能化需要解决的三大技术问题,即数据准备、特征提取和模型构建中的关键技术,以及其在四诊中的应用方式和效果,并对已有的相关方法进行了客观的对比与分析。并据此指出中医四诊智能化研究目前仍面临的问题,即精准标注数据集缺失、泛化特征提取能力有限、四诊融合的智能化研究相对缺少等。认为中医智能化今后发展应注重建立标准数据库,关注特征提取的标准化和自动化,设备应向小型化、移动化和可穿戴化发展,硬件和流程应标准化和规范化,“四诊合诊”应不断融合。Syndrome Differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is mainly based on the four examinations in ancient times.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence in recent years,the intelligentization of the TCM four examinations has achieved fruitful results.By analyzing the intelligence progress of the four examinations(inspection,listening and smelling,inquiry,and palpitation)in the related scientific researches and clinical application,this paper summarized three to-be-solved technical problems in the intelligentization of the four examinations,namely the key techniques in data preparation,feature extraction and model construction,and discussed the related application mode and effect after comparing and analyzing the current methods objectively.It is pointed out that there are still problems in the intelligentization of the four examinations,such as lack of accurate database labeling,limited ability to extract the generalized features,and scarce researches on intelligentization of fusing the four examinations.In the future development of intelligentization in TCM,focus should be put on establishing a standard database,promoting standardization and automation of feature extraction,pushing forward miniaturized,mobile and wearable devices,prompting standardization and normalization of the hardware and procedure,and encouraging the fusion of the four examinations to obtain comprehensive analysis.

关 键 词：中医诊断 望诊 问诊 闻诊 脉诊 人工智能 研究现状 发展趋势 

分 类 号：R241.2[医药卫生—中医诊断学]