饲料蛋白含量对稻-黄颡鱼共作模式气态氮排放、黄颡鱼生长和氮利用率的影响  

Effect of Feed Protein Contents on Gaseous Nitrogen Emissions,Growth Performance of Catfish and Nitrogen Utilization in Rice-yellow Catfish Co-culture Model

作　　者：王梦杰 吴俊男 刘耀斌[1] 徐春春[1] 冯金飞[1] 李凤博[1] 方福平[1] WANG Mengjie;WU Junnan;LIU Yaobin;XU Chunchun;FENG Jinfei;LI Fengbo;FANG Fuping(China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 311401,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,杭州311401

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2022年第4期428-438,共11页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41877548,41907410)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确饲料蛋白含量对稻-黄颡鱼共作模式下N_(2)O和NH_(3)挥发特征及黄颡鱼生长的影响,有利于稻-黄颡鱼综合种养的高效、绿色发展。【方法】采用盆栽模拟试验,以常规单养黄颡鱼模式为对照,系统研究了不同饲料蛋白含量对稻-黄颡鱼共作模式下N_(2)O和NH_(3)的排放特征、水体和底泥的氮含量以及黄颡鱼生长的影响。【结果】在相同蛋白含量下,稻-黄颡鱼共作模式的N_(2)O和NH_(3)挥发分别比单养黄颡鱼模式降低18.3%和76.20%,水体总氮和无机氮含量降低41.30%和48.85%,黄颡鱼蛋白累积量增加20.00%,氮利用率增加171.50%。在稻-黄颡鱼共作模式下,提高饲料蛋白含量会显著增加N_(2)O排放量和水体残留氮含量,但对NH_(3)挥发无显著影响;黄颡鱼特定生长率和蛋白累积量与饲料蛋白含量呈二次曲线关系。饲料氮利用效率随饲料蛋白含量增加呈线性降低趋势。【结论】综合考虑黄颡鱼生长和N_(2)O排放以及养殖水体氮残留等因素,确定稻-黄颡鱼共作模式饲料蛋白含量不宜超过43.04%。【Objective】Clarifying the effect of protein contents in the feeds on N_(2)O and NH_(3)emissions and on the growth of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)is conducive to the efficient and green development of rice-catfish co-culture model.【Methods】In this study,pot-experiments were conducted to systematically study the effects of different dietary protein contents on the dynamics of N_(2)O and NH_(3)flux rates,the nitrogen accumulation in the water and bottom soil,and the growth performance of yellow catfish in the rice-catfish co-culture treatments compared to the catfish monoculture.【Results】Rice-catfish co-culture significantly reduced the N_(2)O emission,NH_(3)emission,total and inorganic nitrogen in the water by 18.30%,76.20%,41.30%and 48.85%,and significantly increased the protein accumulation of catfish and nitrogen use efficiency by 20.00%and 171.50%,respectively,as compared with catfish monoculture under the same protein streatment.The N_(2)O emission and residual nitrogen in the water of rice-catfish co-culture treatments increased with the rise of the contents of protein in the feeds,but the NH_(3)flux rates did not show positive correlation with the contents of protein in the feeds.The specific growth rate and protein gain of catfish showed a quadratic correlation with the contents of protein in the feeds.And the nitrogen use efficiency decreased linearly with the increase of protein contents in the feeds.【Conclusion】The recommended protein contents in the feeds for rice-catfish co-culture model is less than 43.04%based on the synthetical evaluation on the effect of protein contents on the growth performance of catfish,N_(2)O emission,and residue of nitrogen in the aquaculture water.

关 键 词：稻-黄颡鱼共作 饲料蛋白含量 N_(2)O排放 NH_(3)挥发 生长 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S965.199