植物和土壤δ^(15)N和δ^(13)C记录的土壤石油污染  

Petroleum-contaminated soil extent recorded by δ^(15)N and δ^(13)C of plants and soils

作　　者：王周锋[1] 郝瑞娟 王娟 申圆圆[2] 李祥忠 Zhoufeng Wang;Ruijuan Hao;Juan Wang;Yuanyuan Shen;Xiangzhong Li(Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region,Ministry of Education,School of Water and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Xi’an University,Xi’an 710065,China;Environmental Monitoring Station of Lanshan Branch,Rizhao Bureau of Ecology and Environment,Rizhao 276800,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]西安文理学院生物与环境学院,陕西西安710065 [3]日照市生态环境局岚山分局环境监测站,山东日照276800 [4]云南大学云南省地球系统科学重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国科学技术大学学报》2022年第5期52-60,I0003,共10页JUSTC

基　　金：supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2020SF-425);the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,CAS(SKLLQG1623);the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Subsurface of Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region (Chang’an University),Ministry of Education(300102299507);the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (2021JQ-791)。

摘　　要：石油工业化生产过程中引起的陆地系统石油污染已经成为一个严重的环境问题,受到广泛关注。稳定碳同位素和氮同位素组成(δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N)是研究石油污染胁迫下植物和土壤行为特征的有效指标。为了更好地了解土壤和植物在土壤石油污染下的反应,本研究通过野外原位试验,在不同浓度石油污染土壤条件下,研究了三叶草(C;光合作用途径、豆科植物)和扁穗冰草(C;光合作用途径)这两种植物及其生长土壤的δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N变化。研究结果表明:土壤中的石油污染导致土壤δ^(15)N值随污染浓度升高而升高(1.9‰到3.2‰),δ^(13)C值降低(-23.6‰到-26.8‰)。但是,三叶草δ^(13)C值随土壤污染浓度升高而降低(-29.8‰到-31.6‰),扁穗冰草δ^(13)C值降低而三叶δ^(13)C值相对保持稳定(-12.6‰到-13.1‰),说明两种植物对土壤污染不同的应对策略。特别在土壤石油污染条件下,三叶草δ^(15)N值随土壤污染浓度降低至大气氮同位素值水平(5.6‰到0.8‰),说明三叶草固氮系统起作用从而用以降低对土壤石油污染的胁迫。植物δ^(15)N和δ^(13)C值的变化说明了两种植物在胁迫条件下代谢系统发生改变。本研究结果表明稳定同位素组成是监测土壤石油污染和评估植物胁迫响应的有效指标。Petroleum contamination in terrestrial environments caused by industrial activities is a significant problem that has received considerable attention.Carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions(δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N) effectively describe the behavior of plants and soils under petroleum contamination stress.To better understand plant and soil responses to petroleumcontaminated soil,δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N values of the plants(Trifolium repens,Leguminosae with C;photosynthesis pathway,and Agropyron cristatum with C4 photosynthesis pathway) and the soil samples under one-month exposure to different extents of petroleum contamination were measured.The results showed that petroleum contamination in the soil induced the soil δ^(15)N values to increase and δ^(13)C values to decrease;from 1.9‰ to 3.2‰ and from-23.6‰ to-26.8‰,respectively.However,the δ^(13)C values of Agropyron cristatum decreased from-29.8‰ to-31.6‰,and the δ^(13)C values of Trifolium repens remained relatively stable from-12.6‰ to-13.1‰,indicating that they have different coping strategies under petroleum-contaminated soil conditions.Moreover,the δ^(15)N values of Trifolium repens decreased from 5.6‰ to 0.8‰ near the air δ^(15)N values under petroleum-contaminated soil,which implies that their nitrogen fixation system works to reduce soil petroleum stress.The δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N values of Agropyron cristatum and Trifolium repens reflect changes in the metabolic system when they confront stressful environments.Therefore,stable isotopic compositions are useful proxies for monitoring petroleum-contaminated soil and evaluating the response of plants to petroleum contamination stress.

关 键 词：石油污染 稳定氮同位素 稳定碳同位素 土壤 C_(3)和C_(4)植物 

分 类 号：Q946.91[生物学—植物学]