圆唇散白蚁工蚁生殖可塑性相关的性腺发育和基因表达  

Gonadal development and gene expression related to the reproductive plasticity of workers of the termite Reticulitermes labralis(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)

作　　者：叶晨旭[1,2] 宋转转 张文秀 吴涛宇 刘鹤 邢连喜[1,2] 苏晓红[1,2] YE Chen-Xu;SONG Zhuan-Zhuan;ZHANG Wen-Xiu;WU Tao-Yu;LIU He;XING Lian-Xi;SU Xiao-Hong(College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi′an 710069, China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi′an 710069, China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069 [2]陕西省珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室,西安710069

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2022年第6期657-667,共11页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870389)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了探讨圆唇散白蚁Reticulitermes labralis雌性工蚁向补充生殖蚁转化过程中的卵巢发育特征以及卵母细胞从滞育到恢复生长发育的起点。【方法】观察圆唇散白蚁雌性工蚁从3龄-6龄-转化成补充生殖蚁发育过程中的卵巢和卵母细胞动态变化;在若蚁向原始生殖蚁和补充生殖蚁转化的转录组中筛选出与卵母细胞生长期相关的基因表达,利用qRT-PCR方法检测这些基因在工蚁向生殖蚁转化发育过程中的表达水平。【结果】圆唇散白蚁工蚁从低龄向老龄发育过程中卵巢逐渐增大;前补充生殖蚁卵巢长度和宽度分别是工蚁的约2和3倍,而前补充生殖蚁转化为补充生殖蚁之后,卵巢没有显著增大。工蚁转化为前补充生殖蚁之后,卵母细胞大小(长径)和滤泡细胞层厚度仍然没有显著改变;前补充生殖蚁转化成补充生殖蚁之后,卵母细胞大小和滤泡细胞层厚度显著增加。调控卵母细胞生长期发育的6个基因cyclin-dependent kinase 1,cell division cycle protein 20,G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3,G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-A,aurora kinase A和serine/threonine-protein kinase polo在补充生殖蚁中的表达水平极显著增加,分别是前补充生殖蚁的约34,62,91,36,57和106倍。工蚁转化为前补充生殖蚁之后,仅G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3,G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-A和aurora kinase A表达水平显著增高,分别是工蚁的约3,3和2倍。【结论】圆唇散白蚁工蚁卵巢发育的停滞发生在老龄期,卵母细胞发育的恢复和减数分裂启动从工蚁转化为补充生殖蚁之后开始。【Aim】In order to investigate the characteristics of ovarian development and the starting point for resumption of oocyte development during the differentiation of female workers into neotenic reproductives(NRs)of Reticulitermes labralis.【Methods】The dynamic changes of ovary and oocyte during the development of female workers(from the 3rd instar to the 6th instar)and the differentiation of female workers into NRs of R.labralis were observed.Based on the transcriptome data of the development of primary reproductives and NRs from nymphs of R.labralis,genes involved in oocyte growth were identified and their expression levels during the differentiation of workers into NRs were detected using qRT-PCR method.【Results】The size of ovaries in workers of R.labralis increased gradually from early instar to late instar,the length and width of the ovaries of pre-neotenic reproductives(pre-NRs)were approximately 2-and 3-fold as long as those of workers,respectively,but did not increase significantly after the pre-NRs developed into NRs.After the workers developed into pre-NRs,there was no significant change in the size(long diameter)of oocytes and the thickness of the layer of follicle cells.However,after the pre-NRs developed into NRs,the size of oocytes and the thickness of the layer of follicle cells increased significantly.The expression levels of six genes involved in oocyte growth in NRs were extremely significantly increased.The expression levels of the six genes cyclin-dependent kinase 1,cell division cycle protein 20,G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3,G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-A,aurora kinase A and serine/threonine-protein kinase polo in NRs were approximately 34-,62-,91-,36-,57 and 106-fold as high as those in pre-NRs.After the workers developed into pre-NRs,only the expression levels of G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3,G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-A and aurora kinase A increased significantly,being approximately 3-,3-and 2-fold in pre-NRs as high as in workers.【Conclusion】The ovarian development of R.labralis

关 键 词：圆唇散白蚁 工蚁 生殖可塑性 卵母细胞 基因表达 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]