3种兜兰属植物光合特性的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Three Paphiopedilum Species

作　　者：孙菲菲 杨一山 秦惠珍 柴胜丰[2] 付传明[2] 蒋强 韦霄[2] SUN Feifei;YANG Yishan;QIN Huizhen;CHAI Shengfeng;FU Chuanming;JIANG Qiang;WEI Xiao(College of Pharmacy,Guilin Medical University,Guilin,Guangxi,541004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization,Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin,Guangxi,541006,China;Guangxi Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve Management Center,Baise,Guangxi,533209,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院药学院,广西桂林541004 [2]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西植物功能物质研究与利用重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [3]广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区管理中心,广西百色533209

出　　处：《广西科学院学报》2022年第2期155-162,共8页Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160096);广西科学院基本业务费项目(2019YJJ1008);广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科字[2021]第28号)资助。

摘　　要：通过研究硬叶兜兰(Paphiopedilum micranthum)、带叶兜兰(P.hirsutissimum)和长瓣兜兰(P.dianthum)3种兜兰属植物的光合特性,为其种质资源保育及引种栽培提供理论依据。以广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区内3种兜兰属植物为试验材料,测定其叶片的光响应曲线、CO_(2)响应曲线以及叶绿素含量,比较3种兜兰光合特性的差异。结果表明:硬叶兜兰、带叶兜兰和长瓣兜兰的最大净光合速率(P_(max))分别为2.719μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、1.836μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、2.015μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),光饱和点(LSP)分别为578.74μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、467.72μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、481.25μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),光补偿点(LCP)均较低,分别为15.65μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、12.79μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、10.34μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),是典型的阴生植物。硬叶兜兰的最大净光合速率(P_(max))、CO_(2)饱和点(CSP)、羧化效率(CE)均显著高于长瓣兜兰和带叶兜兰(P<0.05),硬叶兜兰对CO_(2)的利用能力更强。叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)表现为硬叶兜兰(58.13)>长瓣兜兰(55.12)>带叶兜兰(51.88)。3种兜兰属植物的光合能力较弱,对光的利用范围狭窄,在引种栽培时应注意增加荫蔽度。The photosynthetic characteristics of three species of Paphiopedilum micranthum,P.hirsutissimum and P.dianthum were studied to provide a theoretical basis for their germplasm conservation and introduction and cultivation.The three species of Paphiopedilum in the Yachang National Nature Reserve of Orchidaceae in Guangxi were used as test materials to measure the light response curve,CO_(2) response curve and chlorophyll content,and compare the differences of photosynthetic characteristics.The results showed that the maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max))of P.micranthum,P.hirsutissimum and P.dianthum was 2.719μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),1.836μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),2.015μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),respectively,and the light saturation point(LSP)was 578.74μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),467.72μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),481.25μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),respectively,and the light compensation point(LCP)was 15.65μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),12.79μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),10.34μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),respectively,which were all low and were typical shade plants.The potential maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max)),CO_(2) saturation point(CSP),and carboxylation efficiency(CE)of P.micranthum were significantly(P<0.05)higher than those of P.hirsutissimum,P.dianthum and P.micranthum’s.P.micranthum had stronger CO_(2) utilization ability.The leaf chlorophyll relative content(SPAD value)was as follows:P.micranthum(58.13)>P.dianthum(55.12)>P.hirsutissimum(51.88).The photosynthetic capacity of the three species of Paphiopedilum is weak,and the utilization range of light intensity is narrow.Attention should be paid to increase the degree of shade in introduction and cultivation.

关 键 词：兜兰属 光合特性 光响应曲线 CO_(2) 响应曲线 净光合速率 阴生植物 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]