水电站减水河段河道生态流量计算  

Study on calculation of ecological flow in water reducing reach of hydropower station

作　　者：马俊超 王琨 张仲伟 MA Junchao;WANG Kun;ZHANG Zhongwei(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang River Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2022年第7期15-19,共5页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

摘　　要：为了合理确定水电站减水河段河道生态流量,提出了分时段分方法计算河道生态流量的思路。以西藏扎拉水电站为例,对减水河段的河道生态流量进行了计算。在鱼类生长繁殖期(4~9月)可采用生境模拟法;在非产卵繁殖期(10月至次年3月)可采用水文学法、水力学法及生态水力学法综合分析计算。结果表明:在鱼类生长繁殖旺盛期(5~8月)所需生态流量为33.0 m^(3)/s,一般繁殖期(4月及9月)为22.0 m^(3)/s,非产卵期(10月至次年3月)为15.9 m^(3)/s。研究结果可为水电站减水河段生态流量的确定提供借鉴。In order to determine the ecological flow in water reducing reach of hydropower station reasonably,the idea of calculating the river ecological flow by time-slot and situation-based method was put forward.The Zhala Hydropower Station was taken as example to calculate the ecological flow in water reducing reach.The habitat simulation method was used in the fish growth and breeding period(April to September);in the non breeding period(October to March),the comprehensive analysis and calculation of hydrology method,hydraulic method and ecological hydraulic method were used.The results showed that the ecological flows needed in the period of vigorous growth and reproduction(May to August)were 33.0 m^(3)/s,and 22.0 m^(3)/s in the general breeding period(April and September);the ecological flow in non breeding period(October to March)was 15.9 m^(3)/s.This research results can provide reference for the determination of ecological flow in water reducing reach of hydropower station.

关 键 词：生态流量 鱼类生境 减水河段 玉曲河 扎拉水电站 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P333[天文地球—水文科学]