葡萄芽变新品种南太湖特早果实发育过程中果皮花青苷积累规律研究  

Study on the accumulation of anthocyanins in the peel during fruit development with the new grape bud sport cultivar Nantaihutezao

作　　者：杨淑娜 奚昕琰 王莉 殷益明 何风杰 李斌 贾惠娟[1] YANG Shuna;XI Xinyan;WANG Li;YIN Yiming;HE Fengjie;LI Bin;JIA Huijuan(Institute of Fruit Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China;Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China;Taizhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang,China;Jiaxing Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Jiaxing 314505,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学果树科学研究所,杭州310058 [2]湖州市农业科技发展中心,浙江湖州313000 [3]台州市农业技术推广中心,浙江台州318000 [4]嘉兴市农业农村局,浙江嘉兴314050

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第7期1232-1240,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：浙江省“三农六方”科技协作项目“根域限制栽培在葡萄产业中的应用研究”(CTZB-F170623LWZ-SNY1-16)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定芽变新品种南太湖特早及其母本夏黑的果皮花青苷组分,鉴别二者发育过程中的转色差异和花青苷积累规律,为葡萄的色泽遗传育种提供理论基础。【方法】利用UPLC-Triple-TOF 5600+飞行时间液质联用技术鉴定成熟果实的果皮花青苷组分,采用HPLC高效液相色谱测定发育过程果皮花青苷含量。【结果】南太湖特早和夏黑的成熟果实果皮中共检测到15种花青苷,其中甲基花青素-3,5-O-双葡萄糖苷(Pn-DG)、二甲基花翠素-3-O-香豆酰葡萄糖苷-5-O-葡萄糖苷(Mv-DG-Co)仅在南太湖特早中检测到,二甲基花翠素-3,5-O-双葡萄糖苷(Mv-DG)、二甲基花翠素-3-O-乙酰葡萄糖苷(Mv-G-Ac)仅在夏黑中检测到;均以二甲基花翠素类衍生物为主,单葡萄糖苷含量均高于双葡萄糖苷。南太湖特早果皮总花青苷含量约为夏黑的1.5倍,2个品种积累规律存在较大差异。南太湖特早果皮花青苷积累比夏黑提早7 d,花翠素类衍生物(花翠素类,甲基花翠素类,二甲基花翠素类)在花后31~52 d快速积累,达到与成熟时期相当含量,使果实较快呈现深紫色。夏黑果皮花青素快速积累期短,积累量少于南太湖特早,且Pn-DG、花翠素-3-O-香豆酰葡萄糖苷-5-O-葡萄糖苷(Dp-DG-Co)、Mv-G-Ac甲基花翠素-3-O-香豆酰葡萄糖苷-5-O-葡萄糖苷(Pt-DG-Co)、甲基花青素-3-O-香豆酰葡萄糖苷-5-O-葡萄糖苷(Pn-DG-Co)延迟7 d出现,使转色进程较慢,成熟时期呈紫红色。【结论】芽变导致葡萄果皮花青苷组分和积累规律发生变化,使芽变品种与母本的转色进程和最终呈色产生差异。【Objective】Grape color is an important basis for consumers to choose berries,and thus directly related to economic benefits.Anthocyanins are the basis for the color of grapes,and their composition and content affect the color change.In southern areas,the temperature difference between day and night is small,so the difficulty in coloring of grapes has become a bottleneck in the development of the grape industry.Therefore,it is urgent to improve color through genetic breeding.Bud sport is a somatic mutation,commonly used as an essential method for fruit color breeding,and lots of cultivars have been bred in this way.Nantaihutezao is a novel bud sport cultivar from Summer Black bred by Zhejiang University,with earlier veraison,advanced maturity and deep color setting,therefore having great potential for promotion and research.In order to understand the influence of bud sport on the anthocyanin composition and accumulation in grape berry peel,several analyses were carried out using Nantaihutezao and its parent Summer Black as materials.【Methods】In this study,3-year-old Nantaihutezao and Summer Black vines grown in the Huajiachi Experimental Education Base of Zhejiang University were used,the rootstock was 5BB,and they were cultivated under the condition of rain shelter and root restriction.Grapevines were planted in south-north rows at a planting space of 2.2 m×8 m with short cane pruning system and routine watering and fertilizing strategy.The two cultivars had basically the same bud break and flowering periods.Samples were collected every 7 days from veraison(May 29,2019,24 days after flowering)to berry ripening(the pulp soluble solids content reached 17%,considered to reach the maturity standard).Three biological repeats were designed for each cultivar.The longitudinal and cross diameter were measured with the vernier caliper,and the total soluble solid content(TSS)was measured with a refractometer PR101-a(Atago).The anthocyanin components in the skin of mature berry were identified by ultra performance l

关 键 词：葡萄 芽变 花青苷 积累规律 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]