成人支气管哮喘患者治疗依从性及其影响因素调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of treatment compliance and its influencing factors in adult patients with bronchial asthma

作　　者：罗佳[1] 石亚杰[1] LUO Jia;SHI Yajie(Department of Respiratory Diseases,Dingqiao Branch of Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang(Dingqiao Hospital of Hangzhou City),Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省杭州市中医院丁桥院区,杭州市丁桥医院呼吸科,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2022年第16期78-81,85,共5页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：浙江省中医药科技计划项目(2018ZB093)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨成人支气管哮喘患者治疗依从性及其相关影响因素,并提出改善治疗依从性的干预措施。方法选取2019年1月~2020年8月浙江省杭州市中医院丁桥院区收治的392例成人哮喘患者进行随访调查,依据治疗依从性情况将其分为依从性良好组(188例)和依从性差组(204例);分析成人哮喘患者的治疗依从性,采用单因素χ2检验比较法和多因素逐步Logistic回归法分别筛选影响成人哮喘患者依从性差的相关危险因素。结果成人哮喘患者的治疗依从不良率高达52.04%(204/392);单因素比较结果显示:两组间的年龄、文化程度、居住地区、经济条件、哮喘病程、病情严重程度、疾病认知情况、家庭支持情况、担心药品不良反应、药物种类、用药方法、药物费用、病情控制情况、求医条件、医疗费用支付情况、医患关系、心理状态、随访情况等因素比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素结果显示:影响成人哮喘患者治疗依从性差的危险因素包括高龄(OR=2.212)、经济条件差(OR=3.031)、疾病认知差(OR=3.762)、缺少家庭支持(OR=3.377)、担心药品不良反应(OR=4.802)、用药方法不正确(OR=3.483)、心理状态不良(OR=4.242)、未定期随访(OR=3.923)等。结论 成人哮喘患者药物治疗依从性较低,影响哮喘控制率,而且影响哮喘患者治疗依从性差的相关危险因素较多,且存在交互作用;应针对其治疗依从性差的特点及其相关危险因素,早期采取必要的干预措施,提高药物治疗依从性和哮喘控制效果,改善哮喘患者的预后。Objective To explore the treatment compliance of adult patients with bronchial asthma and its related influencing factors, and to propose intervention measures to improve treatment compliance. Methods A total of 392 adult asthma patients admitted to our hospital’s asthma specialist outpatient clinic from January 2019 to August 2020 were selected for follow-up investigation. According to their treatment compliance, they were divided into the good compliance group(188 cases) and the poor compliance group(204 cases). The treatment compliance of adult asthma patients was analyzed, and the univariate χ^(2) test comparison method and the multivariate stepwise Logistic regression method were used to screen the related risk factors that affect the poor compliance of adult asthma patients. Results The poor treatment compliance rate of adult asthma patients was as high as 52.04%(204/392). According to univariate comparison results, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the following aspects including age,education level, residential area, economic conditions, asthma course, severity of illness, disease cognition, family support, worries about adverse drug reactions, drug types, medication methods, drug costs, control of the disease, medical conditions, medical expenses payment, doctor-patient relationship, mental state, follow-up and other factors(P<0.05).According to multivariate results, the risk factors that affect the poor treatment compliance of adult asthma patients included advanced age(OR=2.212), poor economic conditions(OR=3.031), poor disease awareness(OR=3.762), lack of family support(OR=3.377), worries about adverse drug reactions(OR=4.802), incorrect medication method(OR=3.483),poor mental state(OR=4.242), loss of scheduled follow-up(OR=3.923), etc. Conclusion Adult asthma patients have poor drug treatment compliance, which affects asthma control rates. There are many risk factors affecting asthma patients’ poor treatment compliance, which show interactions between eac

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 成人 治疗依从性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]