社区年龄≥70岁老年人衰弱相关影响因素分析  

Analysis of related influencing factors of frailty in elderly aged 70 years and older in community

作　　者：邵章婷 章妙玉[1] 高燕飞[1] SHAO Zhangting;ZHANG Miaoyu;GAO Yanfei(Department of Cadre Health Care,Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Povince,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省立同德医院干部保健科,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2022年第17期114-117,共4页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2020KY511)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨社区年龄≥70岁老年人衰弱相关影响因素。方法 2019年8~12月,采用随机整群抽样的方法,选择杭州市某社区年龄≥70岁老人作为调查对象。采用SHARE-FI对调查对象衰弱情况进行评估,并根据评估结果分为衰弱组与非衰弱组,单因素及多因素分析影响社区年龄≥70岁老年人衰弱的相关因素。结果 328例调查对象中,103例衰弱,142例衰弱前期,83例无衰弱。单因素分析结果显示,年龄≥85岁、合并慢性病、步态与平衡差、有孤独感、抑郁、营养不良者衰弱发生率更高(P<0.05);而有兴趣爱好、家庭支持高、社会支持高、好的健康生活促进方式者衰弱的发生率更低(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、合并慢性病、步态与平衡、孤独感、抑郁、营养不良是社区年龄≥70岁老年人衰弱的独立危险因素,而兴趣爱好、体育锻炼、家庭支持、社会支持、健康生活促进方式是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 社区年龄≥70岁老年人衰弱的发生率较高,影响因素较多,而帮助老年人培养兴趣爱好,增强体育锻炼,提高家庭支持与社会支持,采取健康生活,可改善其衰弱情况。Objective To explore the related influencing factors of frailty in the elderly aged 70 years and older in the community. Methods From August to December 2019, the elderly aged 70 years and older in a certain community of Hangzhou city were selected as research subjects using random cluster sampling method. SHARE-FI was used to evaluate frailty of the research subjects. They were divided into the frailty group and the non-frailty group based on the evaluation results. Single-factor and multi-factor analyses were conducted on the related influencing factors of frailty of the elderly aged 70 years and older in the community. Results Among the 328 research subjects, 103 cases were classified as being frail,142 cases pre-frail,and 83 cases non-frail. Single-factor analysis showed that the incidence of frailty was higher in those aged 85 years and older,with chronic complication,unbalanced gait,loneliness, depression, and malnutrition(P<0.05).The incidence of frailty was lower in those with hobby,high family support, high social support and good health-promoting lifestyle(P <0.05). Multi-factor analysis indicated that age, chronic complication, unbalanced gait,loneliness, depression, and malnutrition were independent risk factors for frailty in the elderly aged 70 years and older in the community, while hobby, physical exercise,family support,social support and health-promoting lifestyle were protective factors(P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of frailty in the elderly aged 70 years and older in the community is high, with many influencing factors. Helping the elderly develop hobbies, take physical exercise, improve family support and social support, and adopt a healthy lifestyle can alleviate the frailty.

关 键 词：衰弱 老年人 健康生活 家庭支持 社会支持 孤独感 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]