三峡库区忠县消落带植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系  

Characteristics of Plant Communities and Their Relationships with Environmental Factors in the Riparian Zone of Zhong County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：董智 李留彬 向国伟 耿倩雯 殷凡 郑杰 李昌晓[1] DONG Zhi;LI Liubin;XIANG Guowei;GENG Qianwen;YIN Fan;ZHENG Jie;LI Changxiao(Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(Ministry of Education)/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region/School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Forestry Investment Development Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室/重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室/西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市林业投资开发责任有限公司,重庆401120

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第7期1-13,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960038);重庆市科技兴林项目(2021-9);国家科技部国际合作专项(2015DFA90900);中央林业改革发展资金科技推广示范项目(渝林科推2020-2)。

摘　　要：消落带植物群落特征及物种多样性与环境之间的关系十分密切,对于有效维持健康的库岸生态系统至关重要.本研究选取具有典型代表性特征的三峡库区忠县消落带为研究对象,对消落带内的植物群落进行调查,通过双向聚类分析和冗余分析(RDA)探究三峡库区重庆忠县段消落带不同高程的植物群落特征及其环境响应机制.结果表明:1)忠县消落带共有植物96种,隶属于34科80属,禾本科和菊科为优势科,其中狗牙根在各高程区域的重要值始终最高.研究区域植物种类共划分为4种生活型,一年生草本植物的优势度随高程增加而逐渐上升,多年生草本植物主要分布在高高程区域,藤本和乔木在中高高程零星分布. 2)消落带的Patrick丰富度指数、 Shannon-Wiener指数、 Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均随着高程的增加而逐渐升高. 3)双向聚类分析结果显示,忠县消落带主要包括5种植物群落,其中狗牙根群落在各高程区域均有分布,草木犀-狗牙根群落、苍耳-狗牙根-喜旱莲子草群落、牛鞭草-苍耳-狗牙根群落和落羽杉-狼杷草-苍耳群落主要分布在高高程区域(165~175 m). 4)RDA分析结果表明,高程是影响消落带物种多样性最主要的环境因素;此外,土壤pH值、铵态氮含量及坡向也会产生一定的影响.该研究结果可为三峡库区消落带的植被修复与重建提供参考依据.The relationship between plant community characteristics, diversity of species and environment in the riparian zone is very important for maintaining a healthy reservoir-bank ecosystem. In this study, we investigated the plant community in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in Zhong County, and explored the plant community characteristics and environmental response mechanism at different elevations in the riparian zone through bidirectional cluster analysis and redundancy analysis(RDA). The results showed that: 1) There were 96 species of plants in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in Zhong County, belonging to 34 families and 80 genera. Gramineae and Compositae were the dominant families. The importance value of Cynodon dactylon was always the highest in all altitude regions. The plants in the study area could be divided into 4 life forms. The dominance of annual herbs gradually increased along with augmentation of the elevation. The perennial herbs were mainly distributed in high elevation areas, and lianas and trees were scattered in middle and high elevations. 2) The Patrick richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index of the plant community in the riparian zone all increased gradually with the increase of elevation. 3) Two-way cluster analysis showed that there were mainly 5 kinds of plant communities in the riparian zone in Zhong County. Among them, the C. dactylon community was distributed across all elevations. However, the Melilotus of ficinalis-C. dactylon community, Xanthium stumarium-C. dactylon-Alternanthera philoxeroides community, Hemarthria sibirica-X. stumarium-C. dactylon community and Taxodium distichum-Bidens tripartita-X. strumarium community were mainly distributed in the high elevation area(165~175 m). 4) RDA results showed that elevation was the most important environmental factor affecting the diversity of species in the riparian zone, while soil pH, ammonium nitrogen content and slope aspect also had certain

关 键 词：三峡水库 消落带 物种多样性 植物群落类型 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]