大兴安岭次生林区不同龄级落叶松(Larix gmelinii)生态位特征和竞争关系  

Niche characteristics and competitive relationship of Larix gmelinii between different age classes in Greater Khingan Range secondary forest area

作　　者：俞昀[1] 白小军[3,4] 王志一 YU Yun;BAI Xiaojun;WANG Zhiyi(Wuxi Institute of Technology,Wuxi 214000,China;China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China;Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Shenmu Middle School,Shenmu 719300,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡职业技术学院,无锡214000 [2]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [3]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [4]陕西省神木中学,神木719300

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第12期4912-4921,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0503803);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190701)。

摘　　要：生态位能够反映物种在群落中的功能地位,通过生态位可以定量地研究种内、种间、生境三者之间的相互关系。以大兴安岭次生林区优势种群落叶松(Larix gmelinii)为研究对象,运用Levins公式、Pianka指数和Hegyi单木竞争指数模型分析了该优势种的生态位特征、生态位宽度与重叠度以及重叠程度与竞争作用之间的关系。研究结果表明:随落叶松个体的发育其生态位呈先增大后减小的规律性变化;生态位宽度较大的落叶松个体间重叠程度往往也较高,生态位宽度与重叠度呈显著的线性正相关;落叶松个体间的生态位重叠程度与彼此之间的竞争作用无明显相关性、种群内存在互利性生态位重叠现象;生物个体间的竞争作用与研究尺度有关。Niche can reflect the functional status of species in the community. We can quantitatively study the relationship among intra-species, interspecies and habitat by the niche. In this paper, the dominant species of Larix gmelinii in the Greater Khingan Range secondary forest area is used as the research object, and the niche characteristics, niche width, overlap and competition relationship between degrees are analyzed using Levins formula, Pianka index and Hegyi single tree competition index models. Results show that the niche width first increases and then decreases regularly with the development of individual Larix gmelinii. The larger niche width tends to have a higher degree of overlap between individuals, and there is a significantly linear positive correlation between the niche width and the degree of overlap. There is no obvious correlation between the degree of niche overlap and the competition between each other, and there is a mutually beneficial niche overlap phenomenon in the Larix gmelinii population. The competition between individual organisms is related to the research scale.

关 键 词：生态位宽度 生态位重叠 竞争作用 大兴安岭 落叶松种群 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]