公路风吹雪防治棚洞的风洞实验研究  

Wind tunnel experimental study on shed tunnels to prevent and control blowing snow on highways

作　　者：马磊 刘健 冉武平[2] 胡智轩 李在蓝 俞祥祥 MA Lei;LIU Jian;RAN Wuping;HU Zhixuan;LI Zailan;YU Xiangxiang(Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering Technology in Arid&Desert Region,Ministry of Transport,Xinjiang Academy of Transportation Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆交通科学研究院干旱荒漠区公路工程技术交通运输行业重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆大学建筑工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830047 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2022年第2期726-734,共9页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：交通运输部应用基础研究项目(2014319797050)资助。

摘　　要：针对强风条件下风吹雪灾害难以彻底根治问题,提出采用棚洞工程治理的方案,并对其进行了风洞模拟实验研究。按1∶60缩尺比3D打印模型,采用细砂、精盐、锯末3种介质模拟分析了全封闭、上挑式、透风式3种棚洞结构在90°风向夹角条件下的吹雪防治效果。依据实验结果,结合新疆玛依塔斯区域风吹雪灾害实际,单独针对30°风向夹角的封闭式棚洞进行流场测定。研究表明:在采用其他介质代替吹雪开展风洞风吹雪堆积模拟实验时,一定湿度的锯末具有较高的相似度,且上挑式和封闭式棚洞均具有较好的风吹雪防治效果。介质模拟实验表明,挡雪板对途经棚洞洞口的吹雪具有较好的阻拦作用;流场实验表明,挡雪板对棚洞外部和内部流场均有影响,洞外起到降低风速的作用,洞内起到抑制弱风区的功能。研究证实,采用适宜的挡雪板布设方案进行洞口防护的棚洞工程是治理风吹雪灾害的有效手段。There is a severe phenomenon of blowing snow by wind in winter in Mayitas area of Xinjiang. Road traffic interruptions and casualties caused by wind and snow disasters often occur. The existing engineering measures can alleviate the problems of low visibility and problems with accumulating snow on pavement caused by wind and snow to a certain extent,but cannot completely eliminate the impact. Aiming at the problem that the blowing snow disaster difficult to be completely cured under strong wind conditions,a shed tunnel engineering treatment scheme is proposed,and a wind tunnel simulation experiment is carried out on the shed tunnel form and snow prevention scheme at the entrance of the tunnel. The wind tunnel experimental section is 8m long,1.3m horizontally wide and 1m high. The shed tunnel model is made by 1:60 scale 3D printing method,the snow barrier model is made of wooden strips,and the simulation medium is made of fine sand,refined salt and sawdust. Firstly,three kinds of shed structures,including fully enclosed,overhanging and ventilated,were simulated under the condition of 90° wind direction,and compared with the form of blowing snow stacking. Three parameters for similarity were used:density,particle size and stacking shape. The similarity is determined by weighted Euclidean distance between simulation medium and blowing snow,the similarity of the slump angle of the predecessors is verified,and the most suitable medium for simulating blowing snow is deduced. According to the experimental results,combined with the actual situation of wind blowing and snow disasters in Mayitas,flow field of the closed shed tunnel by a wind direction angle of 30° has been separately conducted with or without protective measures. The results show that when the wind tunnel stacking experiment is used to study the deposition state of blowing snow under non-low temperature conditions,the sawdust has good similarity with the blowing snow in the process of wind and snow movement. A large amount of medium was poured into the v

关 键 词：防雪棚洞 风洞模拟实验 公路风吹雪 模拟介质 

分 类 号：U418.56[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]