浅析240/275系列柴油机机油油耗大的问题及应对措施  

Analysis of oil consumption problems and countermeasures of 240/275 series diesel engine

作　　者：曹祥诚 李月亮 王凯 高洋 CAO Xiangcheng;LI Yueliang;WANG Kai;GAO Yang(Vehicle Inspection Institute of Qinghai-Tibet Group Company,Fangcheng 473200,China;Vehicle Branch of State Energy Shuohuang Railway Development Company,Suning 062350,China;Dalian CRRC Diesel Engine Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]青藏集团公司机辆检测所,河南方城473200 [2]国能朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司机辆分公司,河北肃宁062350 [3]大连中车柴油机有限公司,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《铁道机车与动车》2022年第6期31-35,I0002,共6页Railway Locomotive and Motor Car

摘　　要：某机务段使用的DF4D型机车装备的16V240ZJD型柴油机,在运用过程中发现机油消耗量增大。经分析、验证,确定为机油经气门杆与气门导管间隙进入柴油机燃烧室燃烧,从而导致机油消耗量增大。为解决此问题,提出在气门导管上端加装气门油封结构。经模拟试验验证、机车运用考核,确认气门油封结构可有效解决16V240ZJD型柴油机由气门杆与气门导管间隙大引起的机油油耗增大的问题。并可避免柴油机燃烧机油导致的排放变差及排气由气门杆与气门导管间隙窜入污染机油的问题。The oil consumption of 16V240ZJD diesel engine equipped on DF4D locomotive used in a locomotive depot increases in the process of operation.After analysis and verification,it is determined that the oil enters the combustion chamber of diesel engine through the gap between valve rod and valve guide,which leads to the increase of oil consumption. In order to solve this problem, the valve oil seal structure is equipped on the upper end of the valve guide. After the verification of simulation experiment and the examination of locomotive operation,it is determined that valve oil seal structure can effectively solve the problem of oil consumption increase caused by large gap between valve rod and valve guide of 16V240ZJD diesel engine. And it can avoid the emission deterioration caused by burning oil in diesel engine and the problem of contamination of the engine oil by exhaust gas escaping through the valve rod and valve guide gap.

关 键 词：柴油机 机油 气门导管 气门油封 

分 类 号：TK421.7[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]