一个新颖的哲学理论:突现论及其在地质上的应用  

A NEW PHILOSOPHICAL THEORY:EMERGENTISM AND ITS APPLICATION IN GEOLOGY

作　　者：张旗[1] ZHANG Qi(Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《甘肃地质》2022年第1期1-11,共11页Gansu Geology

基　　金：中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室项目《镁铁—超镁铁岩大数据研究》(81300001)资助的研究。

摘　　要：突现论是一个崭新的哲学理论,只有100多年的历史,但是,突现论已经崛起为复杂性系统的核心理论,成为近期哲学领域研究的热点之一。突现论认为,世界是由不同层级(或层次)构成的,不同层次按照事物的复杂程度不断提高划分的。世界基本上有三大层次,从低到高为物理、生命和心灵。突现论有4个特征:1,不同层次性质不同,高层次性质来源于低层次;2,突现具有不可预测的新颖性;3,不可还原性;4,高低层次之间存在因果关系。文中简要介绍了突现论的概念并探讨了突现论在变质岩、岩浆岩、矿床学以及地球演化研究中的可能的应用,希望能够对科学研究的进一步发展有利。Emergentism is a new philosophical theory,which is only 100 years old.However,Emergentism has emerged as the core theory of complex systems and has become one of the hotspots in the field of philosophy recently.The Emergentism holds that the world is composed of different hierarchical structures,which are divided according to the increasing complexity of things.The world is basically composed of three levels,from low to high for physics,life and soul.The emergentism has four characteristics:(1)The properties of different levels are different,and the properties of high levels come from low levels;(2)Emergence has unpredictable novelty;(3)reducibility;(4)There is a causal relationship between high and low levels.This paper briefly introduces the concept of Emergentism and discusses its possible application in the study of metamorphic rocks,magmatic rocks,mineral deposits and the Earth evolution,hoping to be beneficial to the further development of scientific research.

关 键 词：哲学 突现论 层次 变质岩 岩浆岩 矿床学 

分 类 号：B804.4[哲学宗教—思维科学] N05[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]