射孔用高能激发器的设计研制  

Design and Development of High Energy Exciter for Perforation

作　　者：刘腾 慕光华 冯滨 刘杨 杨勋 周宁侠 LIU Teng;MU Guanghua;FENG Bin;LIU Yang;YANG Xun;ZHOU Ningxia(Logging Technology Research Institute, China National Logging Corporation, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710077, China;Well Logging Technology Pilot Test Center, China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710077, China;Changqing Branch, China National Logging Corporation, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710201, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团测井有限公司测井技术研究院,陕西西安710077 [2]中国石油天然气集团有限公司测井技术试验基地,陕西西安710077 [3]中国石油集团测井有限公司长庆分公司,陕西西安710201

出　　处：《测井技术》2022年第3期356-361,共6页Well Logging Technology

基　　金：中国石油集团测井有限公司课题“电缆射孔安全起爆及多参数检测技术”(CPL2016-A03)。

摘　　要：在油气井射孔作业中使用的电雷管,均含有以叠氮化铅为主要成分的敏感起爆药,虽然电雷管在生产过程中,会使用羧甲基纤维素包覆叠氮化铅颗粒对起爆药做钝化处理,但是其敏感度仍远高于常用的猛炸药。在储存、运输、使用等过程中,机械冲击、无线电信号、地面仪器漏电、静电放电等因素均可能引起电雷管的意外起爆。结合电雷管的起爆原理,对无起爆药安全起爆技术、井下高压放电技术、炸药燃烧转爆轰技术进行了研究。基于冲击片雷管的引爆原理,研制了不含起爆药的油气井射孔用分离式高能激发器。与冲击片雷管相比,该高能激发器实现了高压放电装置、能量转换装置和主装药柱的分离运输与储存,在油气井射孔作业中做到了本质安全。The electric detonators used in the perforation field of oil and gas wells,which contain sensitive primary explosives with lead azideas as the main component.Although carboxymethyl cellulose can be used to coat lead azide particles to passivate the primary explosives in the production process of detonators,the detonator`s sensitivity is still much higher than that of common explosives.In the process of storage,transportation and use,mechanical shock,radio signal,ground instrument leakage,electrostatic discharge and other factors may cause accidental initiation of electric detonators.Therefore,combined with the initiation principle of electric detonator,the safe ignition technology without primary explosive,downhole high voltage discharge technology and deflagration-to-detonation transition technology are systematically studied and tackled.Based on exploding foil in initiator(EFI),a separate high energy exciter for oil and gas well perforation without detonator is developed.Compared with EFI,the high energy exciter can realize the separation,transportation and storage of high voltage discharge device,energy conversion device and main charge column,which makes the perforating operation of oil and gas wells achieve essential safety.

关 键 词：无起爆药安全起爆 井下高压放电 燃烧转爆轰 分离式高能激发器 

分 类 号：P631.84[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]