3D打印技术在岩石力学试验中的应用浅述  

Application of 3D printing technology in rock mechanics destructive test

作　　者：王乐华[1] 胡永搏 许晓亮[1] 李建林[1] WANG Lehua;HU Yongbo;XU Xiaoliang;LI Jianlin(Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Ministry of Education,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《灾害与防治工程》2021年第2期63-82,共20页Disaster and Control Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51809151);水利部水库大坝安全重点实验室开放基金(YK321012);湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2020CFA049)。

摘　　要：非连续性岩石试样的加工和复杂岩体物理模型的制作一定程度上影响着岩石力学试验的发展,3D打印技术的出现对于解决上述试验对象来源问题带来了新的思路。通过介绍3D打印技术,总结了该技术在岩石力学破坏性试验中的应用情况,发现当前3D打印主要集中应用在岩石破裂机制和裂纹扩展、岩体剪切和渗流特性、岩体物理模型试验和岩土交叉学科等方面,其具备几何适应性好、个性化定制节理、天然不连续面还原度高、人工误差低、离散性小、高效便捷的优势,克服了传统制样方法的诸多缺陷;通过对3D打印技术的应用潜力及亟待解决的问题、矛盾进行讨论,认为3D打印技术在模型尺寸及整体性、打印原料性质和打印机械控制三者之间的协调性还需进一步提高,多出料口多材料协同连续打印技术仍尚待突破,对打印模型还原度和相似度定量评价仍需进一步探究;相信随着将来3D打印技术的改进和优化,其可为岩石力学试验提供更广泛、更深入的技术支撑。The processing of discontinuous rock samples and the production of complex rock mass physical model affect the development of rock mechanics destructive test to a certain extent.The emergence of 3D printing technology has brought new ideas to solve the source problem of the above test objects.By introducing 3D printing technology,the application of this technology in rock mechanics destructive test is summarized.It is found that 3D printing is mainly applied in rock fracture mechanism and crack propagation,rock mass shear and seepage characteristics,rock mass physical model test and geotechnical interdisciplinary subjects at present.It has the advantages of good geometric adaptability,personalized joints,high reduction of natural discontinuity,low manual error,small discreteness,high efficiency and convenience,and overcomes many defects of traditional sample preparation methods;Through the discussion on the application potential,problems and contradictions of 3D printing technology,it is considered that the coordination of 3D printing technology among model size and integrity,printing raw material properties and printing machinery control needs to be further improved.The collaborative continuous printing technology of multi outlet and multi material still needs to be broken through and the quantitative evaluation of reduction degree and similarity of printing model needs to be further explored yet;It is believed that with the improvement and optimization of 3D printing technology in the future,it can provide more extensive and in-depth technical support for rock mechanics destructive test.

关 键 词：3D打印 岩石力学 破坏性试验 不连续面 离散性 交又学科 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]