云南会泽黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区冬季鸟类多样性研究  

Bird Diversity in Winter in Huize Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve,Yunnan Province

作　　者：张建军 Zhang Jianjun(Huize Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Huize,Yunnan 654200,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省会泽黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区管护局,云南会泽654200

出　　处：《绿色科技》2022年第12期243-246,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：采用样线法对云南会泽黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区开展了为期3年的冬季鸟类多样性调查研究,通过计算鸟类的物种多样性指数以及每一个鸟种的频率指数,进行了多样性分析。结果表明:会泽黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区共记录到鸟类206种,隶属19目56科,包括国家I级重点保护野生鸟类6种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生鸟类27种。其中,留鸟94种(占45.63%),夏候鸟29种(占14.07%),冬候鸟60种(占29.12%),旅鸟23种(占11.16%),在区系组成上,以广布种为主(占77.18%)。保护区鸟类多样性指数高(H=3.81),均匀度低(J=0.42),频率指数(RB)差异大。指出了保护区冬季鸟类物种多样性丰富,但各物种的数量分布不均匀,且呈现优势种和普通种数量占比高,稀有种种类多的现状。为此,提出了优化黑颈鹤栖息的湿地环境和相关生境因子,进一步丰富保护区的生物多样性,并为该地区鸟类的种群和生境提供有效保护措施。This paper is to find out the community composition and species diversity of birds in Huize Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province in winter,and to provide effective protection measures for bird populations and habitats in this area.A three-year winter bird diversity survey was conducted in Huize Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve,Yunnan Province by transect method,and the diversity was analyzed by calculating the bird species diversity index and the frequency index of each bird species.A total of 206 species of birds,belonging to 19 orders and 56 families,were recorded in Huize Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve,including 6 species of wild birds under national level Ⅰ protection and 27 species of wild birds under national level Ⅱ protection.Among them,94 species(45.63%)are resident birds;29 species(14.07%)are summer migratory birds;60 species(29.12%)are winter migratory birds and 23 species(11.16%)are travelers.In the floristic composition,widely distributed species(77.18%)are dominant.The bird diversity index is high(H=3.81);the evenness is low(J=0.42),and the frequency index(RB)varies greatly.The diversity of bird species in the nature reserve is abundant in winter,but the number distribution of each species is uneven.There is a high proportion of dominant species and common species,and a large number of rare species.It is suggested to optimize the wetland environment and relevant habitat factors inhabited for black-necked cranes to further enrich the biodiversity of the reserve.

关 键 词：冬季 多样性指数 频率指数 会泽保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.3[生物学—动物学]