原型与本事:《白光》的历史语境与文本演绎  

Archetypes and the Original Events:Historical Context and Textual Interpretation of The White Light

作　　者：丁文 Ding Wen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京102488

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2022年第2期73-88,共16页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

基　　金：中国社会科学院大学2022年校级科研项目“原型人物视角下的鲁迅小说研究”。

摘　　要：《白光》主人公陈士成“归家—离家—回家”的线索,与原型人物周子京的家庭关系与伦理情感密切相关。原型人物所置身的科举环境的高度典型性,隐现了周氏家族乃至江南士族的科举境遇,并成为小说的叙事动力。鲁迅对原型人物及相关本事的运用,既整合了同类型的人物,又呈现了看似境遇差异很大的群体背后的共同悲剧。《白光》不仅借鉴了《儒林外史》点化原型人物的通常技巧,也融入了西方小说中诸如横截面、潜意识、象征、隐喻等手法。对《白光》原型人物周子京的分析,为探讨鲁迅小说文本的生成提供了一种路径。《白光》是鲁迅以现代白话短篇小说体式尝试容纳长篇小说主旨的文体实验,在某种程度上具有“微观《儒林外史》”的特性。The thread of Chen Shicheng's“return home-leave home-return home”in Lu Xun’s novel The White Light is closely related to the family relations and ethical feelings of the archetypal character Zhou Zijing.The high degree of typicality of the milieu in which the archetypal character is placed implicitly reflects the situation of the Zhou family and even the Jiangnan scholarly clan in the imperial examination system,and serves as the narrative impetus for the novel.Lu Xun's use of archetypal characters and related skills integrates characters of the same type and presents the common tragedy behind a group whose circumstances appear to be very different.The White Light not only draws on the usual techniques used to illuminate archetypal characters in The Scholars,but also incorporates techniques such as cross-section,sub-consciousness,symbols and metaphors in Western fictions.The analysis provides a pathway for exploring the production of Lu Xun's novel text.The White Light is a stylistic experiment in which Lu Xun attempts to accommodate the main theme of a long novel in the modern vernacular short story style,and to some extent has the character of The Scholars.

关 键 词：《白光》 原型人物 本事批评 《儒林外史》 

分 类 号：I207.427[文学—中国文学]