黔中水利枢纽工程区植被覆盖变化及其对地形与地貌的响应  

Changes in Vegetation Cover and Their Response to Topography and Geomorphology in Qianzhong Water Conservancy Hub Engineering Areas

作　　者：李磊[1] 兰安军[1] 钟九生[1] LI Lei;LAN Anjun;ZHONG Jiusheng(School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第4期176-183,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“面向喀斯特区的光学遥感影像超分辨率重建研究”(41661081)。

摘　　要：为了探究喀斯特山区重大水利枢纽工程区的植被覆盖变化及其与对地形地貌的响应,助力区域石漠化治理和大型调水工程的科学实施及可持续发展,以贵州省黔中水利枢纽为例,采用像元二分模型,选取MODIS-NDVI数据对研究区2001—2020年植被覆盖度进行计算,并以分级数据为基础,运用植被覆盖变化类型的提取模型和分布指数,探究了植被覆盖变化的分异特征及其对地形与地貌的响应。结果表明:(1)研究区的植被覆盖度以高和较高为主,20年来,植被覆盖面积持续上升,年均增长率为0.46%,植被覆盖情况总体较好;(2)植被覆盖变化以改善型和稳定型为主,28个区(县)中,白云区、观山湖区、修文县的植被退化面积超过了植被改善面积,有生态退化风险,需加强生态保护;(3)从地貌上看,非喀区植被覆盖改善比纯喀和亚喀区显著;(4)从地形上看,随着高程和坡度上升,植被覆盖退化型分布优势降低,稳定型占优;从坡向变化看,平地植被覆盖退化显著,其余区域不明显。因此,黔中水利枢纽植被覆盖的优势范围和变化类型具有显著的空间分异特征。In order to explore the changes of vegetation cover in major water conservancy project areas in karst mountainous areas and their response to topography and landforms,and to facilitate the scientific implementation as well as sustainable development of regional rocky desertification control and large-scale water transfer projects,taking Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project in Guizhou Province as example,based on MODIS-NDVI Database and Pixel Dichotomy,we calculated overall vegetation coverage degree in the research area from 2001 to 2020.And based on the graded data,with combination of the extract models coverage distribution indexes and vegetation-coverage-change types,the changes in vegetation cover in research area and their response to topography and geomorphology were analyzed.The results turn out the following 4 conclusions.Firstly,the entire research area was dominated by high and relatively high coverage degrees.In the past 20 years,along with constantly increasing vegetation coverage area by average annual growth rate of 0.46%,overall vegetation restoration achieved better result.Secondly,the changes of vegetation cover were mainly improved and stable.Among the totally 28 districts(counties),the vegetation degradation areas separately in Baiyun District,Guanshanhu District and Xiuwen County were greater than corresponding vegetation improvement areas with greater ecological-degradation risks,so ecological protection should be strengthened.Thirdly,from the perspective of geomorphology,the improvement level of vegetation coverage in non-karst areas were relatively significant than the counterparts in pure-karst areas and sub-karst ones.Fourthly,from the view of topography,along with the increasing altitude and slope,total distribution advantage of vegetation coverage-degradation type decreased,dominated by stable type.From the angle of slope change,overall degradation of flat-land vegetation coverage appeared apparent.And degradation of vegetation coverage in the rest areas was not obvious.Therefore,the veg

关 键 词：地形 地貌 植被覆盖变化类型 分布指数 分异特征 黔中水利枢纽 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] Q948[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]