医疗放射工作人员淋巴细胞微核水平影响因素分析  

Influencing factors for micronucleus levels of peripheral blood lymphocytes of medical radiation workers

作　　者：孟倩倩[1] 张睿凤 张忠新[1] 董娟聪[1] 原雅艺 王超[1] 张婷 党旭红[1] MENG Qianqian;ZHANG Ruifeng;ZHANG Zhongxin;DONG Juancong;YUAN Yayi;WANG Chao;ZHANG Ting;DANG Xuhong(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006 China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2022年第3期273-278,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：山西社会发展重点研发项目(201903D321015)。

摘　　要：目的分析医疗放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核水平,为放射防护提供依据,以减少电离辐射引起的职业危害。方法选取1072名放射工作人员为研究对象(放射组),以岗前职业健康体检拟从事放射工作的329名健康成年人为对照组,采用微量全血法测定外周血淋巴细胞微核率并分析检测结果。结果放射组微核细胞率和微核率与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),放射组微核异常检出率高于对照组(P<0.001);女性放射工作人员微核细胞率、微核率及异常检出率均高于男性(P<0.001);不同工种间的微核细胞率和微核率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),微核异常检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同工龄组微核细胞率和微核率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),微核异常检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同年龄组微核细胞率和微核率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,放射工作人员微核细胞率和微核率与人群年龄呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论放射工作人员微核率与工种、工龄有关,与年龄具有一定的正相关性,应加强长期从事医疗放射的工作人员的辐射防护,尤其是高年资人员和女性放射工作人员。Objective To analyze the micronucleus levels of peripheral blood lymphocytes of medical radiation workers,and to provide a basis for radiation protection to reduce occupational hazards caused by ionizing radiation.Methods A total of 1072 medical radiation workers were selected into radiation group,and 329 healthy adults who underwent pre-em-ployment occupational physical examination and intended to be radiation workers were selected into control group.The mi-cronucleated lymphocyte frequency was determined by whole blood micro-culture.Results There were no significant dif-ferences in micronucleated cell frequency and micronucleus frequency between the radiation group and the control group(both P>0.05).The detection rate of micronucleus abnormalities in the radiation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.001).Female radiation workers had significantly higher micronucleated cell frequency,micronuc-leus frequency,and the detection rate of micronucleus abnormalities than male radiation workers(all P<0.001).Between different types of work,significant differences were observed in micronucleated cell frequency and micronucleus frequency(both P<0.05),but not in the detection rate of micronucleus abnormalities(P>0.05).Radiation workers with different lengths of working showed significant differences in micronucleated cell frequency(P<0.05),micronucleus frequency(P<0.05),and the detection rate of micronucleus abnormalities(P<0.001).Significant differences were observed in micronuc-leated cell frequency and micronucleus frequency between different age groups(both P<0.05).The Spearman’s rank correl-ation analysis showed that micronucleated cell frequency and micronucleus frequency were positively correlated with the age of radiation workers(both P<0.001).Conclusion The micronucleus frequency of radiation workers was related to the type and length of work,and had a positive correlation with age.Radiation protection should be enhanced for workers engaged in medical radiation for a long period,espe

关 键 词：放射工作人员 淋巴细胞 电离辐射 微核 

分 类 号：Q691[生物学—生物物理学]