京津地区部分宠物医院放射防护现状分析  

Status quo of radiation protection in some pet hospitals in Beijing-Tianjin Region,China

作　　者：李松 武权[1] 尹谌 周巍 高杰[1] 翟贺争[1] 魏超[1] 陈雪[1] 于程程[1] 张文艺[1] 刘庆芬[1] LI Song;WU Quan;YIN Chen;ZHOU Wei;GAO Jie;ZHAI Hezheng;WEI Chao;CHEN Xue;YU Chengcheng;ZHANG Wenyi;LIU Qingfen(Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Tianjin 300192 China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院放射医学研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2022年第3期284-289,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的分析京津地区兽用X射线装置放射防护现状和存在的问题,为改进放射防护管理水平提供依据。方法参考AQ/T 4270—2015《用人单位职业病危害现状评价技术导则》等标准要求,对京津地区16家宠物医院的兽用X射线装置工作场所进行现状评价,综合分析工作场所对放射工作人员和公众的健康影响。结果人员管理方面,职业卫生管理岗位设置、人员培训、个人防护用品、职业性外照射个人监测、职业病危害告知以及职业健康监护的符合率分别为100%、81.3%、100%、75%、37.5%和25%。工作场所管理方面,大部分场所布局和分区合理,场所防护和应急实施配置齐全;部分场所存在辐射警告标志不规范,未设置职业病危害告知公告栏,未进行放射防护检测等问题。文件管理方面,所有机构均存在制度文件不完善的情况。结论16家机构的兽用X射线装置工作场所基本符合放射防护要求,但也存在人员和工作场所放射防护管理不到位,制度文件不够完善等问题。机构需加强放射防护知识学习,主管部门需加强监管,制定相对应的放射防护标准,加大培训力度,提高工作人员业务水平。Objective To analyze the status quo and existing problems of radiation protection for veterinary X-ray facilit-iesin Beijing-Tianjin region,China,and to provide a basis for improving radiation protection management level.Methods According to the requirements of the Technical guidelines for status quo assessment of occupational hazard of the employing unit(AQ/T 4270—2015),the study performed status quo assessment on the workplaces of veterinary X-ray fa-cilities in 16 pet hospitals in Beijing-Tianjin region,and comprehensively analyzed the impact of the workplaces on the health of radiation workers and the public.Results In terms of personnel management,the pass rates of occupational health management post setting,personnel training,personal protective equipment,individual monitoring of occupational external exposure,notification of occupational hazards,and occupational health surveillance were 100%,81.3%,100%,75%,37.5%,and 25%,respectively.In terms of workplace management,most workplaces had reasonable layout and zoning and complete protection and emergency devices.However,there were some problems in some places,such as non-standard radiation warn-ing signs,no notice board of occupational hazards,and no radiation protection testing.In terms of document management,all institutions had imperfect system documents.Conclusion The workplaces of veterinary X-ray facilities in 16 institutions basically meet the requirements for radiation protection,but there are also some problems,such as inadequate management of personnel and workplace radiation protection,and imperfect system documents.Institutions should strengthen the study of radiation protection knowledge.The competent authorities should strengthen supervision,formulate corresponding standards for radiation protection,enhance training,and improve the professional level of staff.

关 键 词：兽用X射线装置工作场所 现状评价 辐射防护检测 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]