177份甘薯地方资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in 177 sweetpotato landrace

作　　者：姚祝芳 张雄坚[1] 杨义伶 黄立飞[1] 陈新亮[1] 姚肖健 罗忠霞[1] 陈景益[1] 王章英[1] 房伯平[1] YAO Zhu-Fang;ZHANG Xiong-Jian;YANG Yi-Ling;HUANG Li-Fei;CHEN Xin-Liang;YAO Xiao-Jian;LUO Zhong-Xia;CHEN Jing-Yi;WANG Zhang-Ying;FANG Bo-Ping(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement/Crops Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室/广东省农业科学院作物研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《作物学报》2022年第9期2228-2241,共14页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000700,2019YFD1000702);作物种质资源保护与利用专项(NWB014);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020219001);第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动项目(111821301354052029)资助。

摘　　要：种质资源的遗传多样性是新品种选育的基础。甘薯地方品种具有很多优异的基因,但是很多性状未能得到利用。为有效利用我国甘薯地方资源的遗传多样性,分析不同时期收集的甘薯地方资源表型上的差异。本研究分析了177份甘薯地方品种资源。结果表明,11个表型性状的多样性指数(H')在0.42~2.08之间,3个数量性状的变异系数(CV)在18.40%~46.83%之间,大部分性状表现出丰富的遗传多样性。以11个性状为基础的聚类分析将177份甘薯地方资源分为2个类群。主成分分析结果表明,2000—2009年和2010—2019年收集的甘薯资源主要分布在Cluster 3和Cluster 4,另外3个时期收集的资源则分布相对分散。相关性分析的结果表明,各性状之间并不是相互独立的,而是彼此相互关联。不同时期收集的甘薯地方资源在表型上具有显著差异。在不同的收集时期,“薯皮色、薯肉色、茎直径、最长蔓长、基部分枝”在11个性状中变化最大。在描述型性状上,5个阶段收集的占比最多的资源的薯肉色以“白肉、黄肉、淡黄肉、桔黄肉、淡黄肉”在变化。在数量性状上,2010—2019年阶段的茎直径显著缩小,基部分枝性状在5个时期呈增加趋势,最长蔓长在2000年后显著变短。本研究为甘薯种质资源的保护和利用提供了重要的参考依据。The genetic diversity of germplasm resources is the basis for the breeding of new varieties.Sweetpotato landraces have many elite genes,however,many traits of sweetpotato landraces have not been utilized.To effectively utilize the genetic diversity of sweetpotato landraces in China,the phenotypic differences of sweetpotato landraces collected in different periods were ana-lyzed.177 sweetpotato landraces were analyzed.The results showed that the diversity index(H')of 11 phenotypic traits was 0.42–2.08,and three quantitative traits had the coefficient of variation of 18.40%–46.83%,indicating rich genetic diversity in most traits.Cluster analysis revealed that 177 sweetpotato landraces were divided into two clusters based on 11 traits.Principal component analysis demonstrated that the sweetpotato landraces collected in 2000–2009 and 2010–2019 were mainly distributed in cluster 3 and cluster 4,while the sweetpotato landraces collected in the other three periods were relatively scattered.Correlation analysis showed that these traits were not independent,but correlated with each other.The phenotypes of sweetpotato landraces collected in different periods were significantly different.The“skin color of storage root,predominant flesh color,diameter of stem,length of the longest vine,number of base branches”changed the most among 11 traits in different collection periods.In descriptive traits,the storage root flesh color that accounted for the most landraces collected in the five stages was“white,yellow,light yellow,orange yellow,light yellow”.In terms of quantitative traits,the stem diameter decreased significantly from 2010 to 2019,the branch number had an increasing trend in five periods,and the longest vine length became significantly shorter after 2000.This study provides an important reference for the protection and utilization of sweetpotato germplasm resources.

关 键 词：甘薯 地方品种 种质资源 遗传多样性 表型性状 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]