理论流变与路径优化:我国重大灾难事件中的讣闻报道伦理规范研究  

Theoretical Evolution and Path Optimization:A Study on the Ethical Norms of Obituary Reporting of Major Disaster Events in China

作　　者：吴锋[1] 季英 WU Feng;JI Ying(School of Journalism and News Media,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学新闻与新媒体学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《福建江夏学院学报》2022年第3期61-70,共10页Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“重大灾难事件中的讣闻报道伦理规范及影响因素研究”(20BXW015)。

摘　　要：讣闻报道在重大灾难事件中发挥关键作用,不仅事关逝者生命追思、社会情绪支援、灾难舆论引导,更成为个体价值赋予、社会共识凝聚、民族文化传承的重要载体。讣闻报道和重大灾难事件的耦合互动,也为讣闻报道伦理规范的优化和发展带来全新课题。自20世纪90年代以来,我国讣闻报道伦理规范研究历经萌芽与探索、发展与跃升、拓展与深化3个阶段,对讣闻报道伦理规范形成一定认知,但是对于重大灾难事件等非常规环境中的讣闻报道伦理规范,仍缺乏足够关照和体悟。因而,本研究结合讣闻报道伦理规范的既有研究成果和重大灾难事件视野下的讣闻报道伦理规范,在此基础上构建一套适配于我国重大灾难事件讣闻报道的伦理规范准则:一是文本内容上,包括选角选材、语体内容、情节处理、情感表达、呈现形式等具体规范;二是社会效益上,包括社会动员、警示公众、知识科普、行动反思等具体要求。Obituaries play a key role in major disaster events,not only for mourning the deceased,supporting social sentiments and guiding public opinion on disasters,but also as an important carrier for giving individual values,building social consensus,and transmitting national culture.The coupling interaction between obituary reporting and major disaster events also brings new issues for the optimization and development of ethical norms for obituary reporting.Since the 1990s,the study of ethical norms for obituary reporting in China has gone through three stages:germination and exploration,development and leap,expansion and deepening,forming a certain knowledge of ethical norms for obituary reporting,but still lacking sufficient attention and understanding of ethical norms for obituary reporting in unconventional environments such as major disaster events.Based on the existing research results of obituary reporting ethics and the ethical norms for obituary reporting from the perspective of major disaster events,this research constructs a set of ethical norms for obituary reporting of major disasters in China.First,in terms of text content,it should include specific specifications such as role and material selection,stylistic content,plot handling,emotional expression,and presentation form.Second,in terms of social benefits,it should include specific requirements such as social mobilization,public warning,knowledge popularization,and action reflection.

关 键 词：重大灾难事件 讣闻报道 伦理规范 媒介伦理 

分 类 号：G212[文化科学—新闻学]