日本女性体育政策透视及启示  

A perspective on the women’s sports policy in Japan and its implications

作　　者：郭小鹏[1] 庞龙 戴羽 GUO Xiaopeng;PANG Long;DAI Yu(School of History and Tourism,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;School of Physical Education,Shanxi Normal Unvieristy,Taiyuan 030031,China;Postdoctoral Station,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学历史与旅游文化学院,山西太原030031 [2]山西师范大学体育学院,山西太原030031 [3]成都体育学院体育学博士后科研流动站,四川成都610041

出　　处：《体育学刊》2022年第4期32-38,共7页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18CSS025);山西省高等教育“1331工程”提质增效建设计划项目(晋教科函[2021]7号)。

摘　　要：梳理2005年至今的日本女性体育政策的驱动因素、内容及实施效果,并分析其对我国女性体育政策的启示。研究认为,进入21世纪后,日本女性体育政策在女性社会政策、女性社会组织、奥运筹办以及女子竞技成绩提升的驱动下逐步完善。当前日本已形成完整的女性体育政策体系,包括为顶级女性运动员提供专业支持的竞技体育政策,改善青少年女性运动习惯的学校体育政策,提升女性体育参与度的社会体育政策,以及增加女性话语权的体育组织政策等。各政策主题目标明晰,实施路径多样,可操作性强,均取得较高达成度。对我国的启示:出台专门女性体育政策,构筑完整的女性体育政策体系;促进竞技体育、社会体育、学校体育等不同主题女性体育政策的良性循环,使政策惠及全体女性;拓宽女性体育政策的实施路径,以政策目标为抓手加强政策的规范性和可操作性;政策制定应具备国际化视野,借鉴国外女性体育政策的有益经验。This paper studied the women’s sports policy in Japan since 2005 by analyzing the driving factors,content,implementation effects,and implications to women’s sports policy in China.The results show that in 21century,the perfection of women’s sports policy was driven by the factors including the social women policies,women sports social organization,preparations for Olympic games,and improving performance of female athletes.Japan has formed complete women’s sports policy system,which includes competitive sports policy that supporting female athletes,school sports policy that improving sports habit of adolescent girls,social sports policy that increasing sports participation of adult women,and sports organization policy that enhancing women’s power in sports.For the policy subjects,they has a clear goal,various implementation path,the effective operation,and these have all acquire higher achievements.And the implications to China are as follows:issuing a special women’s sports policies to form a complete women’s sports policy system;promoting a progressing circulation of women’s sports policy with different subjects from competitive sports,social sports,and school sports,which may be beneficial to all females;broadening implementation path of women’s sports policy and enhancing the normalization and operability for policy via related goals;and policy making should have an international perspective,and to draw lessons from foreign women;s sports policy.

关 键 词：体育政策 女性体育 日本 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]