乡村振兴背景下四川丘陵山区闲置宅基地空间特征及其再利用对策研究——基于南充市李渡镇的调查  

Study on Spatial Characteristics and Reuse Strategies of Idle Homestead in Hilly Areas of Sichuan Province Under the Background of Rural Revitalization——Investigation of Lidu Town,Nanchong City

作　　者：陈磊 邱茹梦 吴勇[1] 曾俞森 CHEN Lei;QIU Rumeng;WU Yong;ZENG Yusen(College of Management,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学管理学院,四川南充637002

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2022年第5期150-159,共10页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省社会科学规划青年基金(SC21C063);南充市社会科学规划一般项目(NC22B164);西华师范大学科研启动基金(20E005);西华师范大学研学旅行理论与实践创新团队项目(SCXTD2022-6)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索四川丘陵山区村镇闲置宅基地状况,对盘活农村闲置土地、助推乡村振兴具有现实价值。【方法】通过实地调研分析南充市李渡镇闲置宅基地的空间特征,归纳总结其闲置类型与形成原因,并提出相关对策建议。【结果】李渡镇宅基地闲置时间跨度为2~15年,其中闲置5~10年占比最大,闲置总面积达30.19 hm^(2),占全镇土地面积的0.29%;原镇乡区域尺度闲置宅基地面积占比以原新场乡为起始点,呈顺时针减少态势,具有明显的空间尺度效应;村域尺度闲置宅基地宗数情况表现为“50~100宗”>“小于50宗”>“100~150宗”>“大于150宗”,其面积及占比均为“大于150宗”>“50~100宗”>“100~150宗”>“小于50宗”;李渡镇闲置宅基地包括外出务工闲置、建新不拆旧闲置、人口进城闲置和继承闲置4类,外出务工闲置宗数最大,形成原因是宅基地执法监管机制不健全、退出机制不完善和流转机制不畅通,其本质是城乡二元体制下,农村人口结构变化与宅基地利用关系失衡的结果。【结论】从助力地区乡村振兴出发,提出激活宅基地主体参与内生动力、健全完善农村宅基地管理制度、探索闲置宅基地多功能利用方式的对策建议。【Objective】It is of practical value to explore the status of idle homestead in villages and towns in hilly areas of Sichuan Province for revitalizing idle rural land and boosting rural revitalization.【Method】Through field researches,the spatial characteristics of idle homestead in Lidu Town,Nanchong City were analyzed,the idle types and causes were summarized,and related countermeasures were put forward.【Result】The idle homestead in Lidu Town had a time span of 2-15 years,and the idle time of 5-10 years accounted for the largest proportion.The idle area was 30.19 hm^(2),accounting for 0.29% of land area of the whole town.The proportion of idle homestead area at regional scale in the original town and township decreased clockwise from the original Xinchang Township,which had an obvious spatial scale effect.The number of idle homestead at village scale was showed as:“50-100”>“less than 50”>“100-150”>“more than 150”,and the area and proportion were both showed as:“more than 150”>“50-100”>“100-150”>“less than 50”.The idleness of homesteads in Lidu Town could be divided into four types:out-migrant for work,building new houses without tearing down old ones,rural population buying houses in cities and inheriting but not using,the number of idleness due to out-migrant for work was the largest,which was caused by the unsound homestead law enforcement supervision mechanism,the imperfect exit mechanism and the uneven flow mechanism.In essence,it was the result of the unbalance between the rural population structure change and homestead use under the urban-rural dual system.【Conclusion】Starting from assisting regional rural revitalization,countermeasures and suggestions of activating the main body of homesteads to participate in endogenous power,perfecting the management system of rural homesteads,and exploring the multi-functional use mode of idle homesteads were proposed.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 闲置宅基地 空间特征 土地利用 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]