老年慢性病患者照顾者负担的影响因素分析  

Analysis of factors affecting the burden of caregivers of elderly patients with chronic diseases

作　　者：孔琳姝 李明津 麻珂 刘宇[3] KONG Linshu;LI Mingjin;MA Ke;LIU Yu(Department of Nursing,Jinqiu Hospital,Shenyang,Liaoning 110000,China;Jinqiu Hospital,Shenyang,Liaoning 110000,China;China Medical University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省金秋医院护理部,辽宁沈阳110000 [2]辽宁省金秋医院,辽宁沈阳110000 [3]中国医科大学,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《预防医学》2022年第7期700-704,709,共6页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：医养结合机构综合服务体系建设研究与应用(2019JH8/10300071)。

摘　　要：目的了解老年慢性病患者照顾者负担及影响因素,为减轻照顾者负担提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法,抽取2020—2021年在辽宁省金秋医院住院治疗的65岁及以上慢性病患者的长期照顾者为调查对象,采用中文版照顾者负担量表(CBI)评估照顾者负担;收集照顾者人口学信息、培训情况及照顾患者的基本资料,采用多重线性回归模型分析老年慢性病患者照顾者负担的影响因素。结果发放调查问卷276份,回收有效问卷261份,问卷有效率为94.57%。照顾者男性48人,占18.39%;女性213人,占81.61%;年龄以45~<60岁为主,166人占63.60%。照顾者负担得分为(26.27±14.93)分,其中社交性负担和情感性负担得分较高,分别为(11.08±5.23)分和(7.81±6.24)分。参加新冠肺炎疫情防护培训354人,占82.38%。老年慢性病患者以男性为主,183人占70.11%;年龄为(89.97±8.26)岁;日常生活活动能力得分M(QR)为20.00(50.00)分;老年综合征数量为(4.10±1.57)种。多重线性回归分析结果显示,照顾者参加新冠肺炎疫情防护培训(β'=0.175)、患者日常生活活动能力(β'=-0.144)、患者老年综合征数量(β'=0.138)和患者年龄(β'=0.162)是照顾者负担的影响因素。结论老年慢性病患者照顾者的社交和情感性负担较重,新冠肺炎疫情防护培训以及患者日常生活活动能力、老年综合征数量和年龄可能影响照顾者负担。Objective To investigate the burden of caregivers of elderly patients with chronic diseases and its influenc⁃ing factors,so as to provide the evidence for reducing the burden of caregivers.Methods The caregivers of patients with chronic diseases at ages of 65 years and older were selected using convenience sampling method from Jinqiu Hos⁃pital during 2020 and 2021.The burden of caregivers was estimated using Chinese version of Caregiver Burden Scale(CBI),the basic information of patients and caregivers was collected,and the influencing factors of caregivers'burden were identified using multivariable linear regression analysis.Results Totally 276 questionnaires were distributed,and 261 were valid,with an effective rate of 94.57%.There were 48 men(18.39%)and 213 women(81.16%),166(63.60%)subjects aged 45 to 59 years and 354(82.38%)subjects participating in training on COVID-19 prevention.The mean score of caregivers'burden was 26.27±14.93,and the mean scores of social burden and emotional burden were 11.08±5.23 and 7.81±6.24,respectively.The patients with chronic diseases included 183 men(70.11%),had a mean age of(89.97±8.26)years,had a mean score of activities of daily living of 20.00(interquartile range,50.00)and had a mean geriatric syndrome number of 4.10±1.57.Multivariable linear regression analysis identified caregivers'partici⁃pating in training on COVID-19 prevention(β'=0.175),patients'activities of daily living(β'=-0.144),patients'geriatric syndrome number(β'=0.138)and patients'age(β'=0.162)as factors affecting the burden of caregivers.Conclusions The social and mental burden of the caregivers of elderly patients with chronic diseases is heavy,and patients'activi⁃ties of daily living,number of geriatric syndromes and age,as well as caregivers'training on COVID-19 prevention may be associated.

关 键 词：照顾者负担 慢性病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]