黄河河龙区间输沙变化特征及归因分析  

Characteristics and Attribution Analysis of Sediment Yield Changes in Helong Region of the Yellow River

作　　者：宁珍 高光耀 傅伯杰[1,2] NING Zhen;GAO Guangyao;FU Bojie(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第3期38-42,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学资助项目“黄土丘陵区典型流域水沙变化的时空尺度特征与驱动机制研究”(41471094);国家优秀青年科学资助项目“半干旱区土壤—水文—植被相互作用”(41822103)。

摘　　要：黄河中游河口镇—龙门区间(河龙区间)是黄河泥沙的主要来源区。近年来黄河输沙量急剧变化,为了识别黄河输沙量变化的原因,基于河龙区间15个流域1961—2017年的输沙和降雨数据,分析了研究时段内输沙模数的变化趋势和突变时间,定量区分气候变化和人类活动对输沙减少的贡献率。结果表明:研究区内15个流域的输沙模数均呈现显著的下降趋势,突变时间集中在80,90年代。降雨减少和水土保持措施的增加共同导致了输沙模数的下降,在多数流域,人类活动是导致输沙模数减少的主要因素,80年代后急剧增加的水土保持措施有效减缓了流域产沙。研究成果可为黄河流域生态恢复及水沙调控提供决策支持。Sediment discharge of the Yellow River has changed rapidly in recent years.It is of great significance to identify the causes of the variation of sediment discharge in the Yellow River for the formulation of watershed management strategies.Hekouzhen-Longmen region(Helong region)in the middle reaches of the Yellow River is the main source area of sediment yield.Based on the sediment yield and precipitation data of 15 basins in the Helong region during 1961—2017,we analyzed the variation trend and abrupt change time of specific sediment yield during the study period,and quantitatively identified the contribution rates of climate change and human activities to sediment transport reduction.The results show that the specific sediment yield of the 15 basins in the study area presented a significant downward trend,and the abrupt change time concentrated in the 1980s and 1990s.The decrease of precipitation and the increase of soil and water conservation measures led to the decrease of specific sediment yield.Human activities in most basins are the main factor leading to the decrease of specific sediment yield.The sharp increase of soil and water conservation measures after the 1980s had effectively slowed down the sediment yield.This study attempts to provide decision-making support for ecological restoration and water and sediment regulation in the Yellow River basin.

关 键 词：河龙区间 输沙模数 降水变化 归因分析 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]