江淮分水岭地区一季稻气候生产潜力评估  

Climate Production Potential Assessment of Single-Season Rice in Jianghuai Watershed

作　　者：李威 王学林[1] 杨太明[2] 蒋跃林[3] 柳冬青 王志 LI Wei;WANG Xuelin;YANG Taiming;JIANG Yuelin;LIU Dongqing;WANG Zhi(Hefei Meteorological Bureau,Hefei 230000,China;Anhui Institute of Meteorological Science,Hefei 230000,China;Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230000,China;Institute of Land and National Development,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市气象局,合肥230000 [2]安徽省气象科研所,合肥230000 [3]安徽农业大学,合肥230000 [4]浙江大学土地与国家发展研究院,杭州310000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第3期276-283,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题“粮食作物生产灾害防控与产后安全绿色储藏技术集成”(2018YFD3000905)。

摘　　要：为找出江淮分水岭地区水稻限制气象因子,提高研究区水稻现实生产力,利用江淮分水岭地区13个站点1980—2016年逐日地面观测资料,采用逐步订正法对江淮分水岭地区一季稻生长季光合生产潜力(Y_(Q))、光温生产潜力(Y_(T))、气候生产潜力(Y_(W))及气候资源利用率的时空分布进行了研究,并分析了气象因子对气候生产潜力的影响。结果表明:江淮分水岭地区Y_(Q),Y_(T)与Y_(W)总体呈下降趋势,气候资源利用率随时间变化呈缓慢上升趋势。江淮分水岭地区Y_(Q),Y_(T)在空间分布上较为一致,均沿分水脊线阶梯状平行分布。江淮分水岭分水脊线西北侧为Y_(Q),Y_(T)高值区,脊线附近地区为Y_(Q),Y_(T)中值区,脊线东南侧为低值区。江淮分水岭地区西南部及东北部Y_(W)高、中部Y_(W)低。气候资源利用率在空间分布表现为自西向东递增。降水、日最高气温和参考作物蒸散是影响研究区气候生产潜力最主要的3个气象因子。本研究可为江淮分水岭地区一季稻种植优化调整提供理论依据。In order to found out the limiting meteorological factors of rice in the Jianghuai watershed area,and to improve the actual rice productivity in the study area,based on daily ground observation data of 13 sites in Jianghuai Watershed area from 1980 to 2016,growing season photosynthesis(Y_(Q))of Jianghuai Watershed area single-season rice,the potential productivities of potential(Y_(T)),climate productive potential(Y_(W))and the time and space distribution of climate resource utilization were studied,and the meteorological factors impact on the climate productive potential were analyzed.The results show that Y_(Q),Y_(T)and Y_(W)in the watershed area of Jianghuai River Basin generally showed a downward trend,and the utilization rate of climate resources showed a slow upward trend with the change of time;the spatial distribution of Y_(Q)and Y_(T)in the watershed area of Jianghuai was relatively consistent,and they distributed in a stepped parallel manner along the water-splitting ridge line;to the northwest of the ridge line of Jianghuai Watershed,Y_(Q)and Y_(T)were high;to the vicinity of the ridge line,Y_(Q)and Y_(T)were medium;to the southeast of the ridge line,Y_(Q)and Y_(T)were low;Y_(W)was high and Y_(W)was low in the southwest and northeast of Jianghuai Watershed;the utilization rate of climatic resources increased from west to east in spatial distribution;precipitation,daily maximum temperature and reference crop evapotranspiration were the three main meteorological factors affecting the climatic production potential of the study area.These results can provide the theoretical basis for the optimization and adjustment of rice planting in the area of Jianghuai Watershed.

关 键 词：一季稻 气候生产潜力 气候资源利用率 时空变化趋势 

分 类 号：S162.3[农业科学—农业气象学]