基于STAMP模型的森林火灾事故致因分析  

Cause analysis of forest fire accident based on STAMP model

作　　者：李华[1] 郭皓杰 LI Hua;GUO Haojie(College of Resource Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi′an 710055)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2022年第7期10-15,共6页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：为应对气候变化及其电网工程建设可能带来的森林火灾新风险,引入系统安全分析理论事故过程致因模型(Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes,STAMP),基于系统控制的思想将安全问题视为控制问题。采用STAMP模型系统分析森林火灾事故的全过程,从物理过程、基础建设、行业(企业)运营、扑救过程和事故的动态过程等方面剖析导致森林火灾事故发生的18个控制组件。结果表明,森林火灾事故系统分层控制结构中施工人员的不安全控制行为引发事故,后续的救援反馈延迟与协同失效则是造成救援人员伤亡的主要原因,在系统动态发展的过程中根据反馈及时调整控制救援行动是有效避免事态发展的有效手段。To cope with the new risk of forest fires that may be brought by climate change and its power grid construction,a system safety analysis theory accident process causation model is introduced and the safety problem is considered as a control problem based on the idea of system control.This paper uses the STAMP model to systematically analyze the entire process of forest fire accidents,dissecting the 18 control components that lead to forest fire accidents in terms of physical processes,infrastructure,industry(business)operations,suppression processes,and dynamic processes of accidents.The results showed that the forest fire system in the hierarchical control structure of construction personnel safety control behavior of accidents,the subsequent rescue feedback delay and coordination failure is the main reason for the rescue personnel casualties,in the process of system dynamic development timely adjustment according to the feedback control rescue operation is the effective measure to avoid developments.

关 键 词：STAMP 森林火灾 事故致因 系统安全分析 

分 类 号：TM727[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]