在役动车组空心车轴材质缺陷探伤标准研究  

Research on Flaw Detection Standard of Slag Inclusion Near the Axle Surface of EMU in Service

作　　者：胡祺昆 黄永巍 张澎湃 吴毅 毕超 李立凡 HU Qikun;HUANG Yongwei;ZHANG Pengpai;WU Yi;BI Chao;LI Lifan(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2022年第3期88-92,共5页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(2017J003-G)。

摘　　要：针对当前动车组空心车轴材质缺陷是否存在扩展失效风险,以及探伤周期是否可以延长,标准试样轴当量缺陷设置合理性等问题进行了研究。对内含材质缺陷的实物车轴使用全尺寸轮轴疲劳试验台进行了超高周疲劳试验。通过超声探伤方法对缺陷扩展情况进行监测,未检测到缺陷当量增加。经工业CT透照及VG软件对缺陷形貌进行还原,结合金相分析结果表明在等效里程约115.9万km时,该近表面材质缺陷没有扩展萌生裂纹。建议将ϕ2 mm平底孔当量下材质缺陷探伤放到高级修阶段,或降低探伤灵敏度(例如降至ϕ3 mm或ϕ4 mm平底孔当量)。This article investigates whether the current EMU hollow axle material defect has the risk of extended failure,whether the inspection cycle can be extended,and the rationality of the standard sample axle equivalent defect setting.A full-size axle fatigue test rig was used to conduct ultra-high cycle fatigue tests on real axles with material defects.The expansion of defects was monitored by ultrasonic flaw detection,and no increase in defect equivalent was detected.The defect morphology was restored by industrial CT scanning and VG software,combined with metallographic analysis results,showed that when the equivalent mileage was about 1.159 million kilometers,the near-surface material defect did not propagate and initiate cracks.It is recommended to put the flaw detection of material defects under the equivalent of ϕ2 mm flat-bottomed hole in the advanced repair stage,or reduce the detection sensitivity(for example,reduce to the equivalent of ϕ3 mm or ϕ4 mm flat-bottomed hole).

关 键 词：动车组 在役空心车轴 材质缺陷 超声检测 

分 类 号：U269.32[机械工程—车辆工程]