金属矿山地下水零排放技术方法研究  

Study on zero discharge technology system of groundwater in metal mines

作　　者：贾玉琴 韩贵雷 JIA Yuqin;HAN Guilei(North China Engineering Investigation Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Technological Innovation Center for Mine Groundwater Safety of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]华北有色工程勘察院有限公司,河北石家庄050021 [2]河北省矿山地下水安全技术创新中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《中国矿业》2022年第7期163-167,共5页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目“河北省地下水漏斗成因解析及精准管控技术研究”资助(编号:21373901D)。

摘　　要：华北地区地下水超采问题严重,其中约2/3区域存在深层承压水超采问题,在地下水超采区域内疏干排水采矿将会加剧地下水降落漏斗的扩展,严重破坏区域内地下水生态环境。针对优质矿产资源开采与区域地下水资源保护、地下水环境保护之间的矛盾,本文提出了采用帷幕注浆切断矿床与区域地下含水层70%~80%的水力联系,利用井巷地表预注浆有效保护帷幕内地下水静储量,最后回灌剩余20%~30%帷幕内地下水动态补给量,最终实现大水型矿山地下水零排放的方法体系。研究明确了帷幕注浆规模划分、建设程序、技术参数确定等要求,完善了井巷地表预注浆钻孔数量、注浆压力和地下水回灌井确定的方法。本文研究的方法体系在百泉泉域的典型大水矿山中关铁矿进行了实践,取得矿坑水零排放的理想效果,其技术体系原理、技术方法等对于解决国内外大水型矿山面临的地下水保护提供借鉴。The groundwater overexploitation is serious in North China Plain, and about 2/3 of them have the problem of deep confined water overexploitation.Dredging and drainage mining in the groundwater overexploitation area will aggravate the expansion of groundwater falling funnel and seriously damage the regional groundwater ecological environment.For the contradiction of the high quality mineral resources exploitation, regional groundwater resources protection and the protection of groundwater environmental, the curtain grouting is proposed to cut off 70%-80% of the hydraulic connection between the deposit and the regional underground aquifer.The curtain grouting, using surface pre-grouting to effectively protect the curtain groundwater static reserves, and later recharging the remaining 20%-30% dynamic groundwater recharge inside the grouting curtain, finally realizes the method system of zero groundwater discharge in large water mine.In this paper, the requirements of curtain grouting scale division, construction procedure and determination of technical parameters are clarified, and the number of pre-grouting boreholes, grouting pressure and determination of groundwater recharge wells are improved.The above method system has been practiced in Zhongguan Iron Mine, a typical water-heavy mine located in Baiquan, and the ideal effect of zero discharge of mine water has been achieved.Such technical system, principle and methods can be used for reference to solve the urgent problem of groundwater protection faced by domestic and foreign high-water mines.

关 键 词：地下水 零排放 帷幕注浆 矿坑水回灌 地表预注浆 地下水超采 

分 类 号：P641.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]