结构简单无位移死区的比例流量阀原理与模型  

Principle and Model of Proportional Flow Valve with Simple Structure and without Displacement Dead Zone

作　　者：赵俊奇 汪成文 赵二辉[1] 赵赞魁 杜伟 ZHAO Junqi;WANG Chengwen;ZHAO Erhui;ZHAO Zankui;DU Wei(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院,太原030024 [2]太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部山西省重点实验室,太原030024

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2022年第7期67-75,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划资助项目(201903D121069);山西省回国留学人员科研教研资助项目(HGKY2019016);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(20210302123155)。

摘　　要：针对具有内部机械反馈的比例阀结构复杂、可靠性较低等问题,提出一种采用流量-位移反馈机制的三位四通比例流量阀原理与模型。给比例电磁铁施加电信号使先导阀芯产生运动,进而改变先导流量,使主阀芯两端压力失衡,主阀芯在压差作用下产生位移,而主阀位移又使主阀两端压力重新平衡,形成流量-位移反馈机制;以三位四通阀作为主阀使比例流量阀可以控制负载运动速度与方向;基于流量-位移反馈机制建立了三位四通比例流量阀的状态空间模型,推导出主阀芯位移与先导阀芯位移的近似函数关系。通过分析比例流量阀模型控制腔压力调节的范围,发现控制腔压力的下限值由零位时可变液阻等效面积与固定液阻直径决定,当阀芯离开零位时控制腔压力升高,其上限值为油源压力值。采用AMEsim仿真软件对所提出的三位四通比例流量阀模型进行仿真实验分析,分析结果表明:该比例流量阀结构简单、可靠性高,主阀芯位移与先导阀芯位移在零位附近为线性关系,且主阀阀芯位移在最大行程内没有死区;当控制腔压力为油源压力的0.3倍时,主阀阀芯位移在阶跃信号下响应时间为0.01 s,在同等条件下与传统比例阀相比提高了50%。Aiming at the problems of complex structure and low reliability of proportional valves with internal mechanical feedback,a principle and model of 3-position 4-way proportional flow valve with flow-displacement feedback mechanism is proposed.Firstly,the electric signal is applied to the proportional solenoid to make the pilot spool move,and then change the pilot flow,so that the pressure at both ends of the main spool is unbalanced.The main spool is displaced under differential pressure,and such displacement rebalances the pressure at both ends of the main spool,forming a flow-displacement feedback mechanism.Then,with the 3-position 4-way valve as the main valve,the proportional flow valve can control the speed and direction of load movement.Finally,based on the flow displacement feedback mechanism,the state space model of the 3-position 4-way proportional flow valve is established,and the approximate functional relationship between the displacement of the main spool and that of the pilot spool is deduced.By analyzing the pressure regulation range of the control chamber of the proportional flow valve model,it is found that the lower limit of the control chamber pressure is determined by the equivalent area of variable hydraulic resistance and the diameter of fixed hydraulic resistance at zero position.When the valve core leaves zero position,the control chamber pressure increases,and its upper limit is the oil source pressure.AMESim simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the proposed 3-position 4-way proportional flow valve model.The analysis results show that the proportional flow valve has simple structure and high reliability.The displacement of main spool is linear with that of pilot spool near zero position,and there is no dead zone in the maximum stroke for main spool displacement.When the pressure of the control chamber is 0.3 times of the oil source pressure,the response time of the main spool displacement under the step signal is 0.01 s,which is 50%higher than that of the traditional proporti

关 键 词：比例流量阀 流量-位移反馈 状态空间模型 AMEsim仿真软件 阶跃信号 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]