考虑热力学效应的涡轮氧泵口环间隙泄漏特性研究  

Leakage Characteristics of Wear Ring Clearance in Liquid Oxygen Turbo Pump under Thermodynamic Effect

作　　者：郑旭 卜学兵 孙中国[1] 席光[1] ZHENG Xu;BU Xuebing;SUN Zhongguo;XI Guang(School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2022年第7期145-155,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51922085,51790512)。

摘　　要：为精确分析口环间隙泄漏特性及泄漏流动对液氧泵内流场的影响,本文基于SST k-ω湍流模型与High Resolution算法,对某涡轮氧泵进行了全尺寸整场数值模拟,研究了不同流量工况下热力学效应对液氧泵外特性、口环间隙泄漏量及空化特性的影响。研究结果表明,在额定工况点附近,Б.B.奥夫相尼科夫公式预测口环间隙泄漏特性相对准确,偏流量工况下各经验公式预测精度下降;等体积流量下,工质为液氧时泵效率较常温水介质高4%,口环间隙泄漏量大于水介质下,且泄漏量差值与流量相关;等温条件下,介质温度对口环间隙泄漏量影响较小,额定工况下高温液氧泄漏损失较大;考虑热力学效应后,泵腔口环间隙内的温升随流量减小而增大,120%~40%工况下温升约为1~3 K。液氧泵扬程与效率较等温条件结果略有升高,口环间隙进出口涡量增大、泄漏量明显减小,泄漏量减小数值与流量成反比,最大减小量为3%,同时口环间隙内空化加剧。To accurately analyze the leakage characteristics of the wear ring clearance and the influence of the leakage flow on the internal flow field of the liquid oxygen turbo pump,SST k-ωturbulence model and high resolution algorithm are used for numerical simulation of the pump based on full size and the whole flow field to investigate how thermodynamic effects affect under different flow rates,the external characteristics of the pump,the leakage flow rate of the wear ring clearance,and the cavitation characteristics.The results show that each empirical formula from Ovsyannikov can predict the leakage characteristics accurately near the rated operational conditions while it cannot be so accurate in the case of deviation from the rated conditions.The pump efficiency is higher and the leakage is larger for liquid oxygen compared with normal temperature water at the same volume flow rate,and the leakage difference is related to the flow rate of the pump.In the isothermal condition,the leakage flow rate is little affected by the temperature of the working fluid,and the leakage loss is larger when high temperature liquid oxygen is adopted as the working fluid under the rated operational condition.For thermodynamic effects,the temperature rise in the pump cavity and the wear ring clearance increases with the decrease of the flow rate of the pump and is about 1-3 K with the flow rate of the pump growing from 120%to 40%.Compared to the results in the isothermal condition,the pump head and efficiency slightly increase,and the vortex at the inlet and outlet of the wear ring clearance increases,but the leakage significantly decreases.The reduction in the leakage is inversely related to the flow rate of the pump,with a maximum reduction of 3%.Moreover,the cavitation in the wear ring clearance is aggravated.

关 键 词：涡轮氧泵 口环间隙 热力学效应 

分 类 号：V434[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]