3D打印陶瓷铸型研究与应用进展  

Research and application progress of 3D printing ceramic casting mould

作　　者：刘岩松 李文博 刘永胜[1] 曾庆丰[1] LIU Yansong;LI Wenbo;LIU Yongsheng;ZENG Qingfeng(State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学超高温结构复合材料国家级重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《材料工程》2022年第7期18-29,共12页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFB1106600);国家自然科学基金项目(92060202)。

摘　　要：陶瓷铸型是一类应用于熔模精密铸造领域、用于成型铸件内外部结构的复杂部件。随着铸件复杂度的提升,需要更加精细、复杂的铸型来满足铸造需求,然而传统的陶瓷铸型成型手段如注射成型等存在成本高、研发周期长等问题,难以满足复杂精细结构的成型要求。3D打印技术作为一种快速成型手段能够精准成型复杂精细结构,将其应用于铸型生产,不仅能够解决复杂结构的成型问题,同时也能降低生产成本、缩短生产周期。本文主要阐述了3D打印技术在陶瓷铸型生产中的应用,从应用于铸型3D打印陶瓷材料的种类及特性、典型铸型3D打印技术及铸型打印后处理手段三个方面对3D打印技术陶瓷铸型的研究与应用进行介绍,并对该技术未来的发展进行展望,指出3D打印技术能够有效解决复杂陶瓷铸型的成型问题,从而满足复杂空心结构金属件的铸造需求。Ceramic casting mould is a kind of complex part which is used in the field of investment precision casting to mold the inner and outer structure of casting.With the increase of the complexity of casting,more delicate and complex casting mould is needed to meet the casting demand.However,the traditional ceramic casting method like injection molding has many disadvantages such as high cost,long research and development cycle,and it is difficult to meet the requirements of increasingly complex fine structure molding.As a rapid prototyping method,3D printing technology can accurately form complex structures.Its application in casting production can not only solve the problem of forming complex structures,but also reduce the production cost and shorten the production cycle.The 3D printing technology in the application of the ceramic mould production was mainly expounded in this article.The research and application of the ceramic mould was introduced from the types and the features of 3D printing ceramic mould material,typical 3D printing mould technology and post-processing method of 3D printing mould technology.The future development of this technology was prospected,it was pointed out that 3D printing technology can effectively solve the molding problem of complex ceramic casting,so as to meet the casting demand of complex hollow structure metal parts.

关 键 词：陶瓷铸型 立体光刻 选区激光烧结 三维打印 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]