黄海南部近岸水域棘头梅童鱼仔稚鱼的分布和漂移趋势  

Distribution and drift trend of Collichthys lucidus larvae and juveniles in the coastal waters of the southern Yellow Sea

作　　者：邹明汐 陈渊戈[2] 宋小晶 李圣法[2] 钟俊生[1] ZOU Mingxi;CHEN Yuange;SONG Xiaojing;LI Shengfa;ZHONG Junsheng(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第4期557-568,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(2019M05);农业农村部近岸产卵场调查专项(125C0505)。

摘　　要：鱼类早期资源特征对鱼类种群的研究和渔业资源的评估管理具有极大的价值。实验于2019年3月—2020年1月在黄海南部近岸水域设置47个站点,每月大潮期间使用仔稚鱼网采集仔稚鱼,揭示了棘头梅童鱼仔稚鱼丰度的时空分布特征和漂移趋势,采用广义相加模型分析环境因子与之关联。调查共采集到棘头梅童鱼仔稚鱼2385尾,出现在6—10月,6月丰度最高(165.15尾/100 m^(3)),并呈逐月降低的趋势,同时各月样品中最优势的发育阶段依次从前弯曲期仔鱼变为了稚鱼。前弯曲期和弯曲期仔鱼集中分布在北部靠近海州湾水域,向海扩散的范围相对较大,后弯曲期仔鱼和稚鱼则集中分布在中部近岸水域。GAM模型结果显示,经纬度对丰度的偏差解释率最高,为52.3%,其次是月份和表层盐度。研究表明,实验所涉及黄海南部近岸水域是棘头梅童鱼早期阶段的保育场,其仔稚鱼可能主要来自于海州湾海域6月的产卵群体,鱼卵和前弯曲期仔鱼被动漂流扩散开后,随着生长发育,同时在表层盐度、表层水温和水深等环境因子的影响下,一部分后弯曲期仔鱼和稚鱼向岸聚集。9月整个早期群体都发育到稚鱼为主,并随后从仔稚鱼网的样本中消失。Changes in abundance and distribution during the fish larvae and juveniles period can affect the size of fish replenishment groups and,consequently,rusult in changes in the size of fish populations.The study of early-stage fish resources has great value for understanding fish stocks recruitment and the assessment of fishery resources.In this study,47 stations(119°00′-123°00′E,31°00′-35°00′N)were investigated in the nearshore waters of the southern Yellow Sea from March 2019 to January 2020.Fish larvae were monthly collected using a larval fish net(1.3 m diameter at the mouth,6.0 m length,0.5 mm mesh aperture)during the high tide to reveal the spatial-temporal distribution and drifting trends of larval and juvenile Collichthys lucidus.The environmental factors(surface water temperature,surface salinity,water depth)of the surveyed waters were also measured,and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and drift trends of the abundance of C.lucidus fish larvae and juveniles were analyzed.The relationship between environmental factors and fish larvae distribution was analyzed by a GAM model.A total of 2385 fish larvae were collected from June to October,with the highest abundance in June(165.15 ind./100 m^(3))and a decreasing trend month by month.Each month’s most dominant developmental stages changed from pre-flexion larvae to juveniles in the order of months,except that only one post-flexion larva was collected in October.The results of the GAM model showed that the deviation of abundance was explained by latitude and longitude with the highest rate of 52.3%,followed by month and surface salinity.We conclude that the inshore waters of the southern Yellow Sea were nursery ground for C.lucidus,with its eggs and pre-flexion larvae dispersed passively.Then,the post-flexion larvae and juveniles drift inshore with growth and development under the influence of environmental factors such as surface salinity,surface water temperature,and water depth.Juveniles dominated in September and subsequently

关 键 词：棘头梅童鱼 仔稚鱼 丰度 分布 漂移趋势 黄海南部 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]