绿肥油菜复种棉花对土壤细菌和团聚体的影响  

The effects of the multiple cropping system with rapeseed as green manure and cotton on soil bacterial composition and soil aggregates

作　　者：董章辉[1] 王虎[1] 张艳丽[1] 赵丽芬[1] 眭书祥 李增书[1] 高驰 朱青竹[1] Dong Zhanghui;Wang Hu;Zhang Yanli;Zhao Lifen;Sui Shuxiang;Li Zengshu;Gao Chi;Zhu Qingzhu(Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050041,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市农林科学研究院,河北石家庄050041

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期90-97,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20326410D,21326314D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2018040206);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-15-27)。

摘　　要：[目的]本研究旨在探索绿肥油菜与棉花复种栽培模式对土壤中细菌菌群组成和土壤团聚体结构的影响。[方法]本试验对油菜压青土壤和对照基于细菌16S rDNA进行高通量测序,并用湿筛法检测了土壤团聚体结构。[结果]油菜压青后,土壤中细菌菌群多样性明显提高;放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria)和浮霉菌纲(Planctomycetes)相对丰度显著提高,而Acidobacteriota门、Vicinamibacteria纲、Vicinamibacterales目、Vicinamibacteraceae科、Vicinamibacter属和Vicinamibacter_silvestris种相对丰度显著降低;好氧性、革兰氏阳性、胁迫耐受性和移动原件表型的菌群相对丰度显著提高,厌氧性和致病性表型菌群相对丰度显著降低;土壤0.053~0.25 mm微团聚体质量百分含量显著降低,0.25~0.5 mm和0.5~2 mm大团聚体质量百分含量和土壤团聚体平均质量直径显著提高。[结论]绿肥油菜与棉花复种可以改善土壤细菌菌群组成,提高土壤团聚体稳定性。[Objective]The experiment was conducted to explore the effects of the multiple cropping pattern with rapeseed as green manure and cotton on the composition of soil bacterial flora and the structure of soil aggregates.[Methods]In the present study,we detected the soil bacteria’s 16S rDNA with high-throughput sequencing technology,and soil aggregate structure was tested with the wet sieving method.[Results]The result indicated that the diversity of bacterial flora in the soil significantly increased using rapeseed as the green manure.The relative abundances of the Class Actinobacteriota,Cyanobacteria and Planctomycetes were increased significantly,while the relative abundances of Acidobacteriota,Vicinamibacteria,Vicinamibacterales,Vicinamibacteraceae,Vicinamibacter and V._silvestris were significantly reduced;the relative abundances of bacteria with aerobic,gram-positive,stress tolerance and mobile element phenotypes were increased significantly,while the relative abundance of anaerobic and potentially pathogenic pathotypes were reduced;The mass percentage of soil 0.053~0.25 mm micro-aggregates were reduced significantly(p<0.05),and that of soil 0.25~2 mm and 0.5~2 mm macro-aggregates were increased significantly(p<0.05).[Conclusion]These results indicated that multiple cropping pattern with rapeseed as green manure and cotton could improve the soil bacteria community diversity and increase the stability of soil aggregate.

关 键 词：绿肥油菜 棉花 土壤细菌 土壤团聚体 

分 类 号：S553[农业科学—作物学]