不同粳稻品种(系)稻米品质性状分析  

Analysis of Rice Quality Traits of Different Japonica Rice Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：布哈丽且木·阿不力孜 袁杰[1] 张燕红[1] 赵志强[1] 文孝荣[2] 贾春平[1] 康民泰 唐福森[2] 王奉斌[2,3] Buhaliqem Abliz;YUAN Jie;ZHANG Yanhong;ZHAO Zhiqiang;WEN Xiaorong;JIA Chunping;KANG Mintai;TANG Fusen;WANG Fengbin(Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;2 Rice Experiment Station in Wensu, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wensu Xinjiang 843100, China;Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院温宿水稻试验站,新疆阿克苏843100 [3]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第6期1347-1355,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目“优质高产香型水稻新品种选育与示范”(2020E0207)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同粳稻品种(系)稻米品质差异,改良稻米品质,筛选出新疆优质粳稻品种(系)。【方法】以新疆近年来筛选出的16份粳稻品种(系)为供试材料,研究不同粳稻品种外观与蒸煮食味品质的差异,采用相关性、主成分和聚类分析,综合评价不同粳稻品种(系)品质性状之间的差异。【结果】供试16个粳稻品种(系)稻米品质性状差异较大,变异系数在1.5%~140.0%,其中糙米率变异系数最小为1.5%,垩白度变异系数最大为140.0%。垩白度与垩白率,糙米率与精米率均呈极显著正相关关系,新稻56号品质性状综合得分最高为2.2337,新稻50号品质性状综合得分最低为-1.7165。第Ⅲ类粳稻品种(系)品质较优,第Ⅱ类次之,第I类与优质稻米要求差距较大。【结论】16个粳稻品种(系)中新稻56号品质最好,新稻50号品质最差,降低稻米垩白度和垩白率可以作为新疆粳稻品质改良的重点研究方向。【Objective】This project aims to study the rice quality differences of different japonica rice varieties(lines),improve rice quality and screen out high-quality japonica rice varieties(lines)in Xinjiang.【Methods】Sixteen japonica rice varieties(lines)were used as tested materials to determine the main quality traits,and the differences of quality traits among different japonica rice varieties(lines)were evaluated by correlation,principal component and cluster analysis.【Results】Significant differences were observed in rice quality traits among the tested sixteen japonica rice varieties(lines),the variation coefficient of rice quality ranged from 1.5%to 140.0%,among which the minimum variation coefficient of brown rice rate was 1.5%,and the maximum variation coefficient of chalky degree was 140.0%.The chalkiness degree was significantly positively correlated with the chalkiness rate,and there was also significant correlation between brown rice rate and milled rice rate,and principal component analysis showed that Xindao 56 scored the highest,which was 2.233,7,and Xindao 50 the lowest,which was-1.716,5.The cluster analysis showed that the quality of japonica rice varieties(lines)of groupⅢwas better than that of groupⅡ,and there was a greater difference between group I and high quality rice.【Conclusion】Among the sixteen japonica rice varieties(lines),Xindao 56 has the best quality and Xindao 50 the worst quality.Reducing the chalky degree and chalky rate may be the key research direction to improve the japonica rice quality in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：粳稻 品质性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]