松嫩平原盐碱地4种植物的光合荧光特性  

Photochemical Fluorescence Properties of Four Plants in Saline-Alkaline Soil of Songnen Plain

作　　者：蔡粟唯 姚耸峰 山昌林 陈士刚[3] 陶晶[3] CAI Suwei;YAO Songfeng;SHAN Changlin;CHEN Shigang;TAO Jing(College of Horticulture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Provincial Forestry Technology Popularizing Station,Changchun 130022,China;Jilin Forestry Academy,Changchun 130031,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省林业技术推广站,长春130022 [3]吉林省林业科学研究院,长春130031

出　　处：《森林工程》2022年第4期10-17,共8页Forest Engineering

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200402095NC);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501207)。

摘　　要：以吉林省西部轻度盐碱地种植的沙枣、枸杞、蒙桑和柠条锦鸡儿实生苗为试验材料,针对4种植物的光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数等相关方面进行差异性和相关性分析,揭示4种植物的光合性能,以期为盐碱地治理提供参考。结果表明,4种植物的光合特征和叶绿素荧光特性差异显著,净光合速率(P_(n))由大到小依次为:枸杞、蒙桑、沙枣、柠条。试验植物叶片的净光合速率(P_(n))与气孔导度(G_(s))有显著的正相关性,因而P_(n)受G_(s)影响较大;并且P_(n)与光适应下的最大光化学效率、实际光化学效率(Ф_(PSⅡ))、光化学淬灭系数(q_(P))和电子传递效率(E_(TR))等荧光参数密切相关。枸杞的J相和I相的相对可变荧光速率(V_(j)和V_(i))最低,质体醌电子传递效率高,光系统(PSⅡ)受体侧的质体醌库(S_(m))最大,光反应活性最大。柠条电子传递效率低,光反应活性受到天线色素对能量(ABS)的吸收和反应中心能量捕获(TR)的限制。同时,枸杞的性能指数(P_(IABS))在以初始荧光(F_(o))为基础的性能指数(P_(ICSo))和以最大荧光(F_(m))为基础的性能指数(P_(ICSm))显著高于其他树种,柠条最低。4种植物的3个性能指数之间具有显著差异性和极显著相关性,且P_(n)与P_(IABS)、P_(ICSo)、P_(ICSm)呈显著相关性。因此,P_(IABS)、P_(ICSo)和P_(ICSm)适合作为4种植物叶绿素荧光特性的评价指标。研究表明,4种植物中枸杞的性能指标(P_(I))和P_(n)最高,因而光合性能最强,蒙桑和沙枣次之,柠条最低。所以枸杞的光合生理活性强,适合本试验盐碱地环境的栽植和引种。Using the seedlings of Elaeagnus angustifolia;Lycium barbarum;Morus mongolica and Caragana korshinskii planted in mild saline-alkali land in the western part of Jilin Province as test materials,the differences and correlations of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the four plants were studied,in order to reveal the photosynthetic performance of the four plants and provide a reference for the application of saline-alkali land greening plants.The results showed that there were significant differences in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of the four plants.The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))was in the order of Lycium barbarum,Morus mongolica,Elaeagnus angustifolia and Caragana korshinskii.There was a significant positive correlation between net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))and stomatal conductance(G_(s)),so P_(n) was greatly affected by G_(s),and P_(n) was closely related to fluorescence parameters such as maximum quantum yield of primary PSⅡ photochemistry under light adaptation;actual quantum yield of primary PSⅡ photochemistry(Ф_(PSⅡ));photochemical quenching(q_(P));electron transfer efficiency(E_(TR))and so on.The relative variable fluorescence V_(j)and V_(i)of J phase and I phase of Lycium barbarum were the lowest,the electron transfer efficiency of plastoquinone was high,the plastid plastoquinone(S_(m))on the receptor side of PSⅡ was the highest,and the photosystem activity was the highest.The electron transfer efficiency of Caragana korshinskii was low,and the photoreaction activity was limited by the energy absorption of antenna pigment(ABS)and the energy capture of reaction center(TR).At the same time,the performance index(P_(IABS))of Lycium barbarum was significantly higher than that of other tree species in the performance index(P_(ICSo))based on initial fluorescence(F_(o))and the performance index(P_(ICSm))based on maximum fluorescence(F_(m)),and Caragana korshinskii was the lowest.There were significant differences and extremely significant correlation among the thr

关 键 词：盐碱地治理 耐盐植物 光合性能 叶绿素荧光参数 耐盐性 

分 类 号：S728.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]