一次台风外围云系降水过程的云水资源评估及特征分析  

作　　者：罗雄 王谨 张小娟 崔蕾 李枚曼 

机构地区：[1]贵州省人工影响天气办公室,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州省山地环境气候研究所,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州省气象灾害防御技术中心,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2022年第21期71-76,80,共7页Technology Innovation and Application

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF202027);贵州省气象局重要业务科研项目(黔气标合ZY[2020]04号);贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2021]03-01号)。

摘　　要：根据中国气象局人工影响天气中心所建立的云水资源监测评估方法(CWR-MEM),利用ERA5再分析资料、CMORPH融合降水资料和风云2F卫星TBB资料,对贵州省夏季一次台风外围云系降水过程的降水场和三维云水场进行监测及云水资源计算。结果表明,此次降水过程水汽含量比水凝物大1~2个量级,但是水凝物的变化对于降水具有指示意义;地面降水51.55亿吨,净凝结量为47.91亿吨,水汽和水凝物的输入大于输出,总水物质为净输入;云水资源总量远小于水汽总量,但相较于水汽,水凝物的更新周期短,时空变化快;水凝物降水效率为47.37%,明显高于水汽降水效率,空中留存的云水总量为57.29亿吨,具备一定的增雨开发潜力。According to the cloud water resources monitoring and evaluation method(CWR-MEM)established by the Artificial Weather Influence center of China Meteorological Administration,using ERA5 reanalysis data,CMORPH fusion precipitation data and Fengyun 2F satellite TBB data,the precipitation field and three-dimensional cloud water field of precipitation process occurring the periphery of a typhoon in summer in Guizhou Province are monitored and cloud water resources are calculated,the results show that the water vapor content of this precipitation is 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than that of hydrometeor,but the change of hydrometeor has indicative significance for precipitation;the ground precipitation is 5.155 billion tons,the net condensation is 4.791 billion tons,the input of water vapor and condensate is greater than the output,and the total water material is the net input;the total amount of cloud water resources is much less than the total amount of water vapor,but compared with water vapor,the renewal cycle of hydrometeor is short and the change of time and space is fast;the precipitation efficiency of hydrometeor is 47.37%,which is significantly higher than that of water vapor precipitation.The total amount of cloud water retained in the air is 5.729 billion tons,which has a certain precipitation enhancement development potential.

关 键 词：台风外围云系降水 云水资源 水凝物 水汽 降水效率 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]