不同年龄和膘情对母牛同期发情效果的影响  

Effects of Different Ages and Fat Conditions on Estrus Synchronization in Cows

作　　者：木沙·托合提 莫合塔尔·夏甫开提 梁小鹏 布海力且木·吐尼牙孜 MUSHA·Tuoheti;MOHETAER·Xiafukaiti;LIANG Xiao-peng;BUHAILIQIEMU·Tuniyazi(Aksu Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Aksu Xinjiang 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]阿克苏地区畜牧技术推广中心,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《草食家畜》2022年第4期6-10,共5页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-39-38);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目;2021年新疆维吾尔自治区现代畜禽种业提升专项资金"西门塔尔(安格斯)牛群体改良提升计划"项目。

摘　　要：为推进阿克苏地区黄牛品种改良进度,推广优质品种冻精,探讨适用于农村规模化养牛场的有效、便于操作的母牛同期发情技术,提高母牛人工输精受胎率、缩短繁殖母牛产犊间隔、充分挖掘其繁殖潜力、提高养殖户经济收入、助力乡村振兴。本试验以1.6岁以上、发育良好、无各类生殖道疾病以及无任何乳腺疾病的本地西门塔尔牛和杂交牛为试验对象,采用前列腺素(PG)、戈那瑞林(GnRH)、促黄体释放激素(A3)等激素药物进行同期发情和人工授精,观察记录发情和怀孕效果。结果显示中上等膘情母牛同期发情率及受胎率都显著高于膘情差的母牛(P<0.05);对母牛不同年龄与同期发情效果关系进行分析的结果表明,3~6岁之间母牛的同期发情率及受胎率都显著高于年龄小(头胎)的母牛。结论:要保证同期发情效果,选择3~6岁之间、膘情中上等以上的母牛最为适合,同期发情率可达到73.5%~76.4%,受胎率61.7%~64.7%。In order to promote the improvement progress of cattle breeds in Aksu area,discuss the effective and easy-to-operate cow estrus synchronization technology suitable for rural large-scale cattle farms,improve the artificial insemination fertilization rate of cows,shorten the breeding cows at calving intervals、fully tapping their reproductive potential、helping rural revitalization、and increasing the economic income of farmers.Local Simmental hybrid cows over 1.6 years old,well-developed,without reproductive tract diseases and breast diseases were used as the test objects.Hormone drugs such as Prostaglandin(PG),Gonarelin(GnRH)and luteinizing hormone(A3)were used for simultaneous estrus and artificial insemination,and the effects of estrus and pregnancy were observed and recorded.The oestrus rate and conception rate of medium and high fat cows were significantly higher than those of poor fat cows.The analysis of the relationship between different ages of cows and the effect of oestrus showed that the oestrus rate and conception rate of cows aged 3~6 were significantly higher than those of young cows.Conclusion:In order to ensure the effect of oestrus in the same period,it is most suitable to choose cows between 3~6 years old and above the middle and high level of fat,the oestrus rate can reach 73.5%~76.4%and the conception rate can reach 61.7%~64.7%.

关 键 词：年龄 膘情 母牛 同期发情 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]